Anxiety, perceived control, and eating in obese and normal weight persons

Slochower, Joyce; Kaplan, Sharon P.

doi:10.1016/s0195-6663(80)80011-0

Cited by 71 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Similarly, obese individuals, most of whom tend to be dieters (Herman & Polivy, 1988b), overeat relative to normal-weight subjects when distressed (McKenna, 1972;Schachter, 1971;Slochower, 1976Slochower, , 1983Slochower & Kaplan, 1980). demonstrated that, as the previous literature indicates, physical stressors (i.e., threats involving pain or physical discomfort) are more likely to make unrestrained eaters decrease their consumption significantly (whereas restrained eaters are more likely to increase intake only nonsignificantly).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Distress and eating: Why do dieters overeat?

Polivy

Herman

1999

Int. J. Eat. Disord.

209

134

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Distress and eating: Why do dieters overeat?

Polivy

Herman

1999

Int. J. Eat. Disord.

209

134

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“…Overweight people report that feeling anxious or depressed is a major impetus causing them to eat excessively (Logue, 1993). Bad moods cause dieters to eat more (Greeno & Wing, 1994), and induced anxiety causes obese persons to increase their food consumption (Slochower & Kaplan, 1980).…”

Section: Baumeister Et Al / How Emotion Shapes Behavior 181mentioning

confidence: 99%

How Emotion Shapes Behavior: Feedback, Anticipation, and Reflection, Rather Than Direct Causation

Baumeister¹,

Vohs

DeWall³

et al. 2007

Pers Soc Psychol Rev

1,361

1,084

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Fear causes fleeing and thereby saves lives: this exemplifies a popular and common sense but increasingly untenable view that the direct causation of behavior is the primary function of emotion. Instead, the authors develop a theory of emotion as a feedback system whose influence on behavior is typically indirect. By providing feedback and stimulating retrospective appraisal of actions, conscious emotional states can promote learning and alter guidelines for future behavior. Behavior may also be chosen to pursue (or avoid) anticipated emotional outcomes. Rapid, automatic affective responses, in contrast to the full-blown conscious emotions, may inform cognition and behavioral choice and thereby help guide current behavior. The automatic affective responses may also remind the person of past emotional outcomes and provide useful guides as to what emotional outcomes may be anticipated in the present. To justify replacing the direct causation model with the feedback model, the authors review a large body of empirical findings.

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“…Bad moods lead to regulatory failure in eating (Slowchower and Kaplan 1980;Greeno and Wing 1994), and laboratory studies have shown that the eVort required in coping with stress (Baumeister and Heatherton 1996), being the target of discrimination (Muraven and Baumeister 2000), unfavorable social comparison (Wood et al 2001), and social exclusion (Baumeister et al 2005) have resulted in reduced subsequent self-regulation which is required for weight control. Physiological evidence suggests stress can cause obesity, particularly abdominal obesity (Bjorntorp 2001).…”

Section: Agementioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of uptake of obesity genetic testing among affected adults

2006

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Given that a large number of candidate genes coding for a tendency toward obesity have been identified and some findings have been replicated, we explored characteristics of those who would be most likely to obtain future genetic testing for this tendency. During a series of focus groups, obese respondents rated their likelihood of obtaining testing under conditions in which either genetically-targeted drug treatment would be available, a positive test would be associated with a prognosis for developing diabetes, or neither of these. Interest in testing was greater given the first two scenarios than the third. Older age and belief that genetics were an important cause of obesity were associated with greater interest. For the first two scenarios, higher educational status was associated with greater interest, while for the third, respondents who said emotional issues caused overweight and those who crash-dieted intermittently were more likely to want genetic testing. Although further research is required to validate these findings, this study is the first published report of respondents' ratings of likelihood to obtain genetic testing for propensity to obesity, and suggests strong interest in genetic testing among some people, even in the absence of further treatment implications of the test.

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Anxiety, perceived control, and eating in obese and normal weight persons

Cited by 71 publications

References 13 publications

Distress and eating: Why do dieters overeat?

Distress and eating: Why do dieters overeat?

How Emotion Shapes Behavior: Feedback, Anticipation, and Reflection, Rather Than Direct Causation

Predictors of uptake of obesity genetic testing among affected adults

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