Are the elemental fingerprints of organic and conventional food different? ED-XRF as screening technique

Abstract

Highlights Organic food has a different elemental profile than conventional food. ED-XRF is a suitable method for screening purposes in organic food control. Multivariate analysis is fundamental to combine all available elemental information.

Determining the potato samples processed manner with an electronic nose system supported by a machine-learning approach

“…To distinguish between conventional and organic agricultural products, studies and analyses have been carried out using expensive and heavy physicochemical equipment or biological techniques. Where we find the physicochemical equipment through means of liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry for tomatoes [20] and Chinese rice wine [21], the Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy for coffee [22], the ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography in conjunction with quadrupole time-of-flight MS-based metabolite method for rice [23], the energy dispersive x-ray fluorescence for tea, cinnamon, paprika powder, coffee, rice, chocolate, coconut water, wheat flour, bovine milk, honey, and cane sugar [24], near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy for green asparagus [25], headspace ultraviolet ion mobility spectrometry for olives [26], the inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry for teas [27], the direct infusion mass spectrometry using an instrument equipped with an ion trap analyser for strawberry [28], the atomic absorption spectrometry for mangoes [29]. For biological techniques, the environment in which crops grow has a prompt impact on the agricultural product's bacterial environment, where bacteria differ according to quantity, quality, and characteristics.…”

Critical Evaluation of Energy Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry for Multielemental Analysis of Coffee Samples: Sample Preparation, Quantification and Chemometric Approaches

“…In Table S1, an overview of the XRF methods published in the last years for multielemental analysis of powdered coffee samples is displayed [2,[8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Usually, energy dispersive XRF systems (EDXRF) are preferred for this purpose due to the possibility to get simultaneous multielemental information.…”

Geographical discrimination of dried chili peppers using femtosecond laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (fsLA-ICP-MS)

“…Multivariate statistical analysis methods, such as Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA), Orthogonal Partial Least Squares Discriminant Analysis (OPLS-DA), and Canonical Discriminant Analysis (CDA), have been widely used to increase the efficiency and accuracy of geographical discriminant analyses. These methods have been employed to build geographical discrimination models based on experimental data, demonstrating high accuracy and efficiency ( Lee et al, 2020b ; Fiamegos et al, 2021 ; Ghidotti et al, 2021 ).…”