Augmented reality - Towards an ethical fantasy?

Heimo, Olli I.; Kimppa, Kai K.; Helle, Seppo; Korkalainen, Timo; Lehtonen, Teijo

doi:10.1109/ethics.2014.6893423

Cited by 35 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Human enhancement or augmentation can be understood as an individual choice creating value for the user (Menuz et al, 2013). This does not exclude raised concerns related to the effects of human augmentation to individuals and society in general (e.g., Bavelier et al, 2019;Heimo et al, 2014). Already now when human augmentation is taking its first steps, users have valid practical concerns related to the new human augmentation technologies that can weigh more than personal experiences and benefits.…”

Section: Ethical and Societal Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human augmentation: Past, present and future

Raisamo

Rakkolainen

Majaranta

et al. 2019

International Journal of Human-Computer Studies

155

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Human augmentation is a field of research that aims to enhance human abilities through medicine or technology. This has historically been achieved by consuming chemical substances that improve a selected ability or by installing implants which require medical operations. Both of these methods of augmentation can be invasive. Augmented abilities have also been achieved with external tools, such as eyeglasses, binoculars, microscopes or highly sensitive microphones. Lately, augmented reality and multimodal interaction technologies have enabled non-invasive ways to augment human.In this article, we first discuss the field and related terms. We provide relevant definitions based on the present understanding of the field. This is followed by a summary of existing work in augmented senses, action, and cognition. Our contribution to the future includes a model for wearable augmentation. In addition, we present a call for research to realize this vision. Then, we discuss future human abilities. Wearable technologies may act as mediators for human augmentation, in the same manner as eyeglasses once revolutionized human vision. Non-invasive and easy-to-use wearable extensions will enable lengthening the active life for aging citizens or supporting the full inclusion of people with special needs in society, but there are also potential problems. Therefore, we conclude by discussing ethical and societal issues: privacy, social manipulation, autonomy and side effects, accessibility, safety and balance, and unpredictable future.

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Section: Ethical and Societal Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human augmentation: Past, present and future

Raisamo

Rakkolainen

Majaranta

et al. 2019

International Journal of Human-Computer Studies

155

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The concern of the participants in data security of a BM AR system shows the importance of the unanswered questions from the ethical aspects of the AR technology to accept this technology in different domains, which include border management. Based on (Heimo et al 2014), the ethical aspects, which include privacy, ownership, peer surveillance, and surveillance, should be taken into account with the acceptance of AR technology. As the organizations are the main users of BM AR systems, the access level method of the system is a step toward establishing the organization's privacy and the security policies to control the access of the undesignated users and to protect the important information.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Augmented reality-based border management

2022

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A proficient border management has typically been tied to its capability to support information structuring and to make exchanges from the distributed sources. The lack of a proper access interface to information at the right time and the right place to conduct various activities. Augmented reality (AR) has been proposed as an efficient interface in order to improve the efficiency and the effectiveness of activities in the real world. There has only been a limited amount of research that has evaluated the effectiveness and usability of AR in the border management domain. This research aims to evaluate the effectiveness of border management and AR system integration to enhance the activities’ efficiency through improving the information retrieval process. The system development steps were adopted to design, develop, and evaluate the border management AR (BM AR) system. The system contains three AR services that include pointing to border objects, showing the borderline, and locating border objects. The system also integrates the information from different resources in an interoperable way using GIS web services. The results revealed the effectiveness of using AR for border activities, which can reduce the operating costs and effectively, access the required information for doing different activities in the border field.

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“…There are early seminal reviews, surveys, and SoKs on mixed reality (MR) displays (1994) [89], classifications (1996) [13], early challenges (1997) [8], integrity and ownership (2000) [46], and enabler technologies (2001) [9]. In the 2010s, researchers delved into ethical considerations of MR (2014MR ( , 2018 [1,56], updated its challenges (2016) [115], discussed the threats of converging VR and social networks (2016) [101], and studied VR safety (e.g., epilepsy) (2018) [10]. Most recently, practitioners have continued work on VR safety attacks (e.g., misleading users to collide with their realworld surroundings) (2021, 2022) [21,144], malicious VR ads and protections [69] (2021), user authentication (2022) [39,134], and advocated for new regulations for the upcoming metaverse applications (2022) [121].…”

Section: Vr Attacks and Defensesmentioning

confidence: 99%

SoK: Data Privacy in Virtual Reality

Munilla Garrido,

Nair,

Song

2024

PoPETs

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The adoption of virtual reality (VR) technologies has rapidly gained momentum in recent years as companies around the world begin to position the so-called ''metaverse'' as the next major medium for accessing and interacting with the internet. While consumers have become accustomed to a degree of data harvesting on the web, the real-time nature of data sharing in the metaverse indicates that privacy concerns are likely to be even more prevalent in the new ''Web 3.0.'' Research into VR privacy has demonstrated that a plethora of sensitive personal information is observable by various would-be adversaries from just a few minutes of telemetry data. On the other hand, we have yet to see VR parallels for many privacy-preserving tools aimed at mitigating threats on conventional platforms. This paper aims to systematize knowledge on the landscape of VR privacy threats and countermeasures by proposing a comprehensive taxonomy of data attributes, protections, and adversaries based on the study of 74 collected publications. We complement our qualitative discussion with a statistical analysis of the risk associated with various data sources inherent to VR in consideration of the known attacks and defenses. By focusing on highlighting the clear outstanding opportunities, we hope to motivate and guide further research into this increasingly important field.

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Augmented reality - Towards an ethical fantasy?

Cited by 35 publications

References 5 publications

Human augmentation: Past, present and future

Human augmentation: Past, present and future

Augmented reality-based border management

SoK: Data Privacy in Virtual Reality

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