Avaliação do cultivo de Pleurotus sajor-caju (fries) sing. sobre o resíduo de algodão da industria têxtil para a produção de cogumelos e para alimentação animal

Abstract

RESUMOO resíduo proveniente do beneficiamento do algodão em lixadeiras na indústria têxtil é um material rico em lignocelulose, tem baixa digestibilidade e é pobre em proteínas e minerais, o que dificulta seu uso 'in natura' na alimentação de ruminantes. Neste tarbalho, objetivou-se avaliar a produtividade e eficiência biológica deste resíduo de algodão na produção do cogumelo comestível Pleurotus sajor-caju e avaliar as alterações promovidas no resíduo para alimentação de ruminantes. Foram realizados 5 tratamentos: T 1 -80% de serragem de eucalipto + 20% de farelo de trigo (testemunha); T 2 -50% de resíduo de algodão + 50% de serragem; T 3 -45% de resíduo + 45% serragem + 10% de farelo; T 4 -40% de resíduo + 40% serragem + 20% de farelo e T 5 -80% de resíduo + 20% de farelo. O T 5 apresentou os melhores resultados para produtividade (22,46%) e eficiência biológica (71,48%) do Pleurotus sajor-caju. O fungo alterou a constituição dos substratos nos estágios de produção do cogumelo, principalmente os constituintes da fibra e agregou N ao substrato. Dessa forma, o uso do resíduo de lixadeira de algodão no cultivo de Pleurotus sajor-caju pode se tornar uma alternativa viável para produção de cogumelo e melhorar a qualidade deste resíduo para alimentação animal. Termos para indexação:Pleurotus, Cogumelo comestível, resíduos, substratos, celulose, lignina. ABSTRACTThe waste coming from cotton processing in mills in the textile industry is a lignocellulose-rich material, but has low digestibility, and is poor in proteins and minerals, making it inappropriate for ruminant feeding. This study was intended to evaluate the productivity and biologic efficiency of cotton textile mill waste in the production of the edible mushroom Pleurotus sajor-caju, and to evaluate the alterations brought about in the waste for use in ruminant feeding. Five treatments were undertaken in the following manner: T1-80% eucalyptus sawdust + 20% wheat bran (control); T 2 -50% waste + 50% sawdust; T 3 -45% waste + 45% sawdust + 10% wheat bran; T 4 -40% waste + 40% sawdust + 20% wheat bran and T 5 -80% waste + 20% wheat bran. T5 showed the best results for productivity (22.46%) and biologic efficiency (71.48%). Fungus altered the constitution of the substrates in the stages of production of the mushroom. Therefore, the use of cotton textile mill waste in the cultivation of Pleurotus sajor-caju may become a viable alternative for mushroom production, and also improve the quality of this waste for use in animal feeding. INTRODUÇÃOA cadeia produtiva do algodão gera vários subprodutos desde a limpeza inicial onde se retira o caroço, um subproduto nobre, que é destinado à produção de óleo para alimentação humana ou utilizado in natura na alimentação animal, até a produção dos tecidos, onde surgem subprodutos como o resíduo de lixadeira que são resíduos mais pobres da fibra de algodão.O resíduo de lixadeira, resultante do beneficiamento da indústria têxtil do algodão, é um subproduto fibroso, tem baixa digestibilidade e é pobre em proteínas e minerais ...

Dynamics of the chemical composition and productivity of composts for the cultivation of Agaricus bisporus strains

“…According to Castro (2003), reductions in NDF and ADF contents in the final (residual) substrate are expected, because fungi have an enzymatic ability to degrade components of the cellular wall that are present in the raw material of vegetable origin. These results agree with several other works that also reported reductions in NDF and ADF fractions in substrates treated by fungi (Belewu and Belewu, 2005; Gonçalves et al , 2010). …”

“…According to Andrade et al (2010), both holocellulose (hemicellulose and cellulose set) and lignin contain carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen and serve as an energy source for fungal growth, a fact that explains their reduction along the cultivation cycle. Gonçalves et al (2010) report that the significant reduction in lignin is related to the efficiency of the fungi to degrade that structure. In addition, sometimes, they degrade lignin rather than cellulose and hemicellulose.…”

Nutritional composition of bioproducts generated from semi-solid fermentation of pineapple peel by edible mushrooms

“…Regarding the fiber content, there was a significant increase after the mushroom myceliation in the three bioproducts analyzed. Gonçalves et al (2010) found a similar behavior with increased fiber content in the colonized substrate. According to them these results can be explained due to the production of different enzymes during vegetative and reproductive stages of mushrooms, and the enzymes responsible for degradation of cellulose are secreted only in the reproductive phase.…”

“…Thus, there was no significant reduction in fiber content in the bioproducts samples since fungi do not reach reproductive phase. Still, in the study of Gonçalves et al (2010), the fiber contents decrease after production and harvesting of mushrooms. Being a potential source of dietary fibers, mushrooms raise the possibility of its inclusion in the highly competitive market of fiberenriched food products, which seriously demands the exploration of alternative source and preparation methods of dietary fibers (Fernandes et al, 2015).…”

Potential for Production of Biochar-Based Fertilizers from Olive Mill Waste in Mediterranean Basin Countries: An Initial Assessment for Spain, Tunisia, and Greece

“…Much research has been carried out on numerous physicochemical methods for treating OMWW, alone or combined, such as oxidation, filtration, centrifugation, flocculation, incineration, coagulation, ultrafiltration, reverse osmosis, ozonation, or photolysis. Many of these approaches are efficient for pollutant removal-namely monophenolic compounds and high organic charge-and consequently quite useful as pretreatment methods, but they are expensive and do not generate valuable sub-products [11]. Furthermore, since conventional olive mill waste-treatment methods have proven to be inadequate and ineffective for removing OMWW pollutants, several studies have been carried out in order to use this waste as a renewable resource and to transform OMWW from a pollutant to organic fertilizer, agricultural water source, or green fuel [12].…”