Averrhoa carambola L. peel extract suppresses adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 cells

Rashid, Asyifah Mohamed; Lu, Kaihui; Yip, Yew Mun; Zhang, Dawei

doi:10.1039/c5fo01208b

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…This finding was consistent with the results of ORO staining (Figure 2(A)). Additionally, several studies reported that downregulating Plin , Srebp , Pparg , and Cebpa inhibits adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes [34, 54, 59–61]. The results of the present study indicated that CGA treatment promoted adipogenesis specifically by affecting activation of adipogenic transcription factors and regulating adipogenesis-related gene expression.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Chlorogenic Acid Functions as a Novel Agonist of PPARγ2 during the Differentiation of Mouse 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes

Peng

Pang

Zhu

et al. 2018

BioMed Research International

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Rosiglitazone (RG) is a well-known activator of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARγ) and used to treat hyperglycemia and type 2 diabetes; however, its clinical application has been confounded by adverse side effects. Here, we assessed the roles of chlorogenic acid (CGA), a phenolic secondary metabolite found in many fruits and vegetables, on the differentiation and lipolysis of mouse 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. The results showed that CGA promoted differentiation in vitro according to oil red O staining and quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays. As a potential molecular mechanism, CGA downregulated mRNA levels of the adipocyte differentiation-inhibitor gene Pref1 and upregulated those of major adipogenic transcriptional factors (Cebpb and Srebp1). Additionally, CGA upregulated the expression of the differentiation-related transcriptional factor PPARγ2 at both the mRNA and protein levels. However, following CGA intervention, the accumulation of intracellular triacylglycerides following preadipocyte differentiation was significantly lower than that in the RG group. Consistent with this, our data indicated that CGA treatment significantly upregulated the expression of lipogenic pathway-related genes Plin and Srebp1 during the differentiation stage, although the influence of CGA was weaker than that of RG. Notably, CGA upregulated the expression of the lipolysis-related gene Hsl, whereas it did not increase the expression of the lipid synthesis-related gene Dgat1. These results demonstrated that CGA might function as a potential PPARγ agonist similar to RG; however, the impact of CGA on lipolysis in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes differed from that of RG.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 63%

Chlorogenic Acid Functions as a Novel Agonist of PPARγ2 during the Differentiation of Mouse 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes

Peng

Pang

Zhu

et al. 2018

BioMed Research International

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“…Rashid et al reported that EC extracted from Averrhoa carambola L. peel was a bioactive compound that inhibits adipogenesis and obesity. CMDA suggested that EC appears to bind to some receptors, including CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-α, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α and γ [ 74 ].…”

Section: Cmda Of Catechin-protein Interactionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Computational Molecular Docking and X-ray Crystallographic Studies of Catechins in New Drug Design Strategies

et al. 2018

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Epidemiological and laboratory studies have shown that green tea and green tea catechins exert beneficial effects on a variety of diseases, including cancer, metabolic syndrome, infectious diseases, and neurodegenerative diseases. In most cases, (−)-epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) has been shown to play a central role in these effects by green tea. Catechins from other plant sources have also shown health benefits. Many studies have revealed that the binding of EGCG and other catechins to proteins is involved in its action mechanism. Computational docking analysis (CMDA) and X-ray crystallographic analysis (XCA) have provided detailed information on catechin-protein interactions. Several of these studies have revealed that the galloyl moiety anchors it to the cleft of proteins through interactions with its hydroxyl groups, explaining the higher activity of galloylated catechins such as EGCG and epicatechin gallate than non-galloylated catechins. In this paper, we review the results of CMDA and XCA of EGCG and other plant catechins to understand catechin-protein interactions with the expectation of developing new drugs with health-promoting properties.

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“…To provide a biological comparative assessment of A. carambola fruits in the context of its geographical origin, alpha-glucosidase and pancreatic lipase inhibitory assays were performed. A. carambola L. flesh has been reported for the treatment of diabetes [29]. Moreover, pharmacological assays confirmed its hypoglycemic effect [13] as well as a porcine pancreatic lipase inhibitory effect [15].…”

Section: Enzyme Inhibition Assaysmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Among detectable sugars, monosaccharides were the most abundant ones, represented by fructose (38-48%) followed by glucose (21-25%) in ripe fruits. Although high fructose levels are suggested to fuel the epidemic of type 2 diabetes [28], A. carambola L. flesh has been recommended for diabetics [29]. Such an effect is justified by the fruit's low absolute content in fructose (compared to maize syrup), its richness in non-digestible sugar alcohols, and dietary fiber, especially insoluble fiber that has been shown to exhibit potential hypoglycemic effects [16].…”

Section: Sugarsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient and Sensory Metabolites Profiling of Averrhoa Carambola L. (Starfruit) in the Context of Its Origin and Ripening Stage by GC/MS and Chemometric Analysis

et al. 2020

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Averrhoa carambola L. is a tropical tree with edible fruit that grows at different climatic conditions. Despite its nutritive value and reported health benefits, it is a controversial fruit owing to its rich oxalate content. The present study aimed at investigating aroma and nutrient primary metabolites distribution in A. carambola fruits grown in Indonesia, Malaysia (its endemic origin) versus Egypt, and at different ripening stages. Two techniques were employed to assess volatile and non-volatile metabolites including headspace solid-phase micro-extraction (HS-SPME) joined with gas chromatography coupled with mass-spectrometry (GC-MS) and GC-MS post silylation, respectively. Twenty-four volatiles were detected, with esters amounting for the major class of volatiles in Egyptian fruit at ca. 66%, with methyl caproate as the major component, distinguishing it from other origins. In contrast, aldehydes predominated tropically grown fruits with the ether myristicin found exclusively in these. Primary metabolites profiling led to the identification of 117 metabolites viz. sugars, polyols and organic acids. Fructose (38–48%) and glucose (21–25%) predominated sugar compositions in ripe fruits, whereas sorbitol was the major sugar alcohol (2.4–10.5%) in ripe fruits as well. Oxalic acid, an anti-nutrient with potential health risks, was the major organic acid detected in all the studied fruits (1.7–2.7%), except the Malaysian one (0.07%). It increases upon fruit ripening, including considerable amounts of volatile oxalate esters detected via SPME, and which must not be omitted in total oxalate determinations for safety assessments.

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Averrhoa carambola L. peel extract suppresses adipocyte differentiation in 3T3-L1 cells

Cited by 16 publications

References 43 publications

Chlorogenic Acid Functions as a Novel Agonist of PPARγ2 during the Differentiation of Mouse 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes

Chlorogenic Acid Functions as a Novel Agonist of PPARγ2 during the Differentiation of Mouse 3T3-L1 Preadipocytes

Computational Molecular Docking and X-ray Crystallographic Studies of Catechins in New Drug Design Strategies

Nutrient and Sensory Metabolites Profiling of Averrhoa Carambola L. (Starfruit) in the Context of Its Origin and Ripening Stage by GC/MS and Chemometric Analysis

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