Axial Migration of Particles in Poiseuille Flow

Karnis, A.; Goldsmith, Harry L.; Mason, S. G.

doi:10.1038/200159a0

Cited by 150 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…1b, the flow-induced elastic lift directs particles radially inward in a cylindrical channel, leading to eventually a focused particle stream along the centerline. Such a 3D focusing effect was first observed by Karnis et al for sub-millimeter particles in circular pipes of millimeter-diameter in 1960s [94,95]. It has been demonstrated effective for both micro particles [96] and submicron-sized Brownian particles [27] in cylindrical microchannels.…”

Section: Straight Cylindrical Microchannelsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Particle manipulations in non-Newtonian microfluidics: A review

Liu

et al. 2017

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

249

192

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a b s t r a c tMicrofluidic devices have been widely used since 1990s for diverse manipulations of particles (a general term of beads, cells, vesicles, drops, etc.) in a variety of applications. Compared to the active manipulation via an externally imposed force field, the passive manipulation of particles exploits the flow-induced intrinsic lift and/or drag to control particle motion with several advantages. Along this direction, inertial microfluidics has received tremendous interest in the past decade due to its capability to handle a large volume of samples at a high throughput. This inertial lift-based approach in Newtonian fluids, however, becomes ineffective and even fails for small particles and/or at low flow rates. Recent studies have demonstrated the potential of elastic lift in non-Newtonian fluids for manipulating particles with a much smaller size and over a much wider range of flow rates. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of the various passive manipulations, including focusing, separation, washing and stretching, of particles that have thus far been demonstrated in non-Newtonian microfluidics.

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Section: Straight Cylindrical Microchannelsmentioning

confidence: 77%

Particle manipulations in non-Newtonian microfluidics: A review

Liu

et al. 2017

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science

249

192

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“…Hence, gradients in normal stresses can result in the lateral migration of a particle toward the channel centerline (see the inset in Fig. 1a and the modelling section in Methods) 16,17 . The lateral particle migration under macroscopic flows has long been recognized 16 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1a and the modelling section in Methods) 16,17 . The lateral particle migration under macroscopic flows has long been recognized 16 . Additionally, two-dimensional (2D) (midplane) particle focusing in a slit microchannel 18 and 3D focusing in a square microchannel 19 or a microtube 20 have recently been reported.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA-based highly tunable particle focuser

et al. 2013

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DNA is distinguished by both long length and structural rigidity. Classical polymer theories predict that DNA enhances the non-Newtonian elastic properties of its dilute solution more significantly than common synthetic flexible polymers because of its larger size and longer relaxation time. Here we exploit this property to report that under Poiseuille microflow, rigid spherical particles laterally migrate and form a tightly focused stream in an extremely dilute DNA solution (0.0005 (w/v)%). By the use of the DNA solution, we achieve highly efficient focusing (499.5%) over an unprecedented wide range of flow rates (ratio of maximum to minimum flow rates B400). This highly tunable particle-focusing technique can be used in the design of cost-effective portable flow cytometers, high-throughput cell analysis and also for cell sorting by size. We demonstrate that DNA is an efficient elasticity enhancer, which originates from its unique structural properties.

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“…As shown in Figure 5, the dual droplet trains at the outlet are not completely symmetric with respect to the channel centerline, especially for larger droplets, and the focusing positions are off-axis. The focusing positions for different droplet sizes at Re from 0.13 to 0.38 are measured as almost the same, i.e., x = 0.6w, which differs from the centerline focusing happening in a straight channel [24,29]. More experimental demonstrations of the focusing are provided in Appendix (Figure a3).…”

Section: Detailed Migration Behaviour Along the Ds Channelmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…The inertial lift on a rigid particle stems from the asymmetry of pressure and viscous stresses on the particle surface in a Poiseuille flow at infinite Reynolds numbers (Re > 1, and Re U L = / m , where ρ and η are the density and viscosity of the carrier fluid, respectively, U m the mean channel velocity, and L the channel characteristic length) [16,20,21]. In contrast to rigid particles, the droplets can experience cross-stream migration even at much lower Re (Re < 1) due to their deformability [22][23][24]. The deformability-induced effects influence the migration behavior and manifold the equilibrium positions, resulting in poor performance of inertial manipulation of the droplets [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lateral migration of dual droplet trains in a double spiral microchannel

Xue

Chen

Liu

et al. 2016

Sci. China Phys. Mech. Astron.

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Microfluidic droplets have emerged as novel platforms for chemical and biological applications. Manipulation of droplets has thus attracted increasing attention. Different from solid particles, deformable droplets cannot be efficiently controlled by inertia-driven approaches. Here, we report a study on the lateral migration of dual droplet trains in a double spiral microchannel at low Reynolds numbers. The dominant driving mechanism is elucidated as wall effect originated from the droplet deformation. Three types of migration modes are observed with varying Reynolds numbers and the size-dependent mode is intensively investigated. We obtain empirical formulas by relating the migration to Reynolds numbers and droplet sizes. The effect of droplet deformability on the migration and the detailed migration behavior along the double spiral channel are discussed. Numerical simulations are also performed and yielded in qualitative agreement with the experiments. This proposed low Re approach based on lateral migration could be a promising alternative to existing inertia-driven approaches especially concerning deformable entities and susceptible bio-particles.

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Axial Migration of Particles in Poiseuille Flow

Cited by 150 publications

References 8 publications

Particle manipulations in non-Newtonian microfluidics: A review

Particle manipulations in non-Newtonian microfluidics: A review

DNA-based highly tunable particle focuser

Lateral migration of dual droplet trains in a double spiral microchannel

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