Bacterial communities associated with invasive populations of Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae) in China

Abstract

The oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) is a destructive insect pest of a wide range of fruits and vegetables. This pest is an invasive species and is currently distributed in some provinces of China. To recover the symbiotic bacteria of B. dorsalis from different invasion regions in China, we researched the bacterial diversity of this fruit fly among one laboratory colony (Guangdong, China) and 15 wild populations (14 sites in China and one site in Thailand) using DNA-based approaches. The construction of 16S rRNA gene libraries allowed the identification of 24 operational taxonomic units of associated bacteria at the 3% distance level, and these were affiliated with 3 phyla, 5 families, and 13 genera. The higher bacterial diversity was recovered in wild populations compared with the laboratory colony and in samples from early term invasion regions compared with samples from late term invasion regions. Moreover, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Providencia sp. were two of the most frequently recovered bacteria, present in flies collected from three different regions in China where B. dorsalis is invasive. This study for the first time provides a systemic investigation of the symbiotic bacteria of B. dorsalis from different invasion regions in China.

Phylogeographic Structure in Anastrepha ludens (Diptera: Tephritidae) Populations Inferred With mtDNA Sequencing

“…It is impossible to ascertain if Morganella was among the 16 bacterial types reported in Rubio & McFadden (1966); consequently, to our knowledge, this is the first report of a Morganella species that is pathogenic to Mexican fruit fly. All previous isolations were made from adult flies (Rubio & McFadden 1966;Martinez et al 1994;Kuzina et al 2001;Yuval et al 2013;Pramanik et al 2014;Liu et al 2016). In our studies, Isolate 2431 was isolated from a homogenized white larva which was among the brownish and blackish collected from a bad tray, and Isolate 2232 was obtained while sampling (SAS Super 100 TM Air Sampler Bioscience International, Rockford, Maryland) the indoor air where Mexican fruit fly larvae were being separated from diet at the Mexican Fruit Fly Mass Rearing Facility in Mission, Texas.…”

“…In insects, M. morganii was found in the intestines of house fly larvae (Musca domestica [Diptera: Muscidae]) (Zurek et al 2000), gastrointestinal tracts of Drosophila melanogaster (Diptera: Drosophilidae) (Cox & Gilmore 2007), adults and eggs of horn fly (Haematobia irritans [Diptera: Muscidae]) (Palavesam et al 2012), midgut of phlebotomine sand fly (Lutzomyia longipalpis [Diptera: Psychodidae]) (Gouveia et al 2008;Peterkova-Koci et al 2012), gastrointestinal tracts of the Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata [Diptera: Tephritidae]) (Ami et al 2009;Yuval et al 2013), in isolations made from the whole body of the guava fruit fly (Anastrepha striata [Diptera: Tephritidae]) (Martinez et al 2012), and in the gastrointestinal tracts of the oriental fruit fly (Bactrocera dorsalis [Diptera: Tephritidae]) (Pramanik et al 2014;Liu et al 2016). To our knowledge, no pathogenicity tests were conducted in any of these studies on fruit fly species, especially in regards to fruit fly larvae.…”

Irradiation effect on the structure of bacterial communities associated with the oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis

“…The inability of tephritid fruit flies to synthesize essential amino acids by themselves, in combination with their natural hosts that are nitrogenpoor fruits, highlights the significant role of insect-associated microorganisms in their host's carbon and nitrogen cycle by providing them essential amino acids and minerals (Miyazaki et al, 1968;Lauzon et al, 2000Lauzon et al, , 2003. Also, other reported beneficial functions of the microbiome to their host fruit flies include the fly's attraction to feed on host plants, the degradation of toxic compounds from host plants, and the prevention of colonization of pathogenic bacteria (Engel & Moran, 2013;Venu et al, 2014;Liu et al, 2016).…”

Microbiota of Telenomus tridentatus (Platygastroidea: Scelionidae): An unwanted parasitoid

“…Also, the classes Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria were present. These bacteria classes have been previously reported as symbiotic species in Apis mellifera (Hymenoptera: Apidae), Bombus terrestris (Hymenoptera: Apidae), Osmia bicornis (Hymenoptera: Megachilidae) (Mohr & Tebbe, ), and insects such as Bactrocera dorsalis (Liu et al, ), mealybugs, mosquitoes, Lutzomyia longipalpis , L . cruzi (Sant'Anna et al, ) and Pieris rapae (Robinson et al, ).…”

“…tridentatus was Proteobacteria (53.6%), Actinobacteria (29.2%) and Firmicutes (9.5%). These phyla have been related to other insects, such as Diptera, Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera but in different proportions (Anand et al, ; Liu et al, , ; Nedoluzhko et al, ). In the same way, our study is similar with previously reported in parasitoid wasp Megaphragma amalphitanum (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae), in which they found Proteobacteria, Firmicutes and Actinobacteria as most abundant phylum (Nedoluzhko et al, ).…”