Bioavailability of Common Conjugates and Bound Residues

Skidmore, M. W.; Benner, Jill P.; Lam, Cathy Chung Chun; Booth, James D.; Clark, Terry; Gledhill, A. J.; Roberts, Karen J.

doi:10.1002/9783527611249.ch40

Cited by 3 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…These results indicate that DCP-(acetyl)glucose, as well as DCP, is readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract of rats. Glucosides are generally hydrolyzed by microflora in the intestines of mammals, 21 but, sometimes, ether-linked glucosides were eliminated mostly or partly unchanged in urine. 34 Several studies evidenced that the fate of xenobiotic glucosides in rat is structure-dependent.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10 In the extract, the DCP− acetyl-O-glucoside conjugate was the major metabolite, representing approximately 75% of the soluble fraction. Skidmore et al 21 have investigated the bioavailability of specific phase II and phase III metabolites derived from plants. They found that phenol O-glucose conjugates were stable at the pH values found in the mammalian gastrointestinal tract and in the presence of digestive enzymes.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, studies on bioavailability remain scarce, and results are sometimes conflicting or difficult to interpret. 21,22 The aim of the present study was to address to what extent DCP residues in edible plants were absorbed in mammals and to know whether the chemical form in which these residues exist may have a qualitative and/or quantitative impact on their distribution and metabolic pathways. To achieve this goal, we studied the metabolic fate of plant [ 14 C]-DCP-related residues in rats and compared the results with those obtained under similar experimental conditions with unchanged [ 14 C]-DCP and with [ 14 C]-DCP-(acetyl)glucose.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metabolic Fate of 2,4-Dichlorophenol and Related Plant Residues in Rats

Lorber

Despoux

Jamin³

et al. 2012

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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This study compared the metabolic fate of [(14)C]-DCP, [(14)C]-residues from radish plants, and purified [(14)C]-DCP-(acetyl)glucose following oral administration in rats. A rapid excretion of radioactivity in urine occurred for [(14)C]-DCP, [(14)C]-DCP-(acetyl)glucose, and soluble residues, 69, 85, and 69% within 48 h, respectively. Radio-HPLC profiles of 0-24 h urine from rats fed [(14)C]-DCP and [(14)C]-DCP-(acetyl)glucose were close and qualitatively similar to those obtained from plant residues. No trace of native plant residues was detected under the study conditions. The structures of the two major peaks were identified by MS as the glucuronide and the sulfate conjugates of DCP. The characterization of a dehydrated glucuronide conjugate by MS and NMR of DCP was unusual. In contrast to soluble residues, bound residues were mainly excreted in feces, 90% within 48 h, whereas total residues were eliminated in both urine and feces. For total residues, the radioactivity in feces was higher than expected from the percentage of soluble and bound residues in radish plants. This result highlighted that less absorption took place when residues were present in the plant matrix as compared to plant-free residues and DCP.

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Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Metabolic Fate of 2,4-Dichlorophenol and Related Plant Residues in Rats

Lorber

Despoux

Jamin³

et al. 2012

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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“…Hence, the presence of metabolites of these chemicals in organic products could be utilized as a marker of an unauthorized pesticide application even if the parent pesticide is not detectable. The possible transfer of parent pesticides and their metabolites from grapes into wines makes this strategy potentially useful also for authentication of organic wines [ 10 , 11 , 12 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pesticide Residues and Their Metabolites in Grapes and Wines from Conventional and Organic Farming System

Schusterova

Hajšlová

Kocourek

et al. 2021

Foods

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In this study, the occurrence of pesticide residues and their metabolites in grapes and wines was investigated. A targeted analysis of 406 pesticide residues in 49 wine and grape samples from organic and conventional production were performed using the QuEChERS (Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged and Safe) extraction method, followed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry. Multiple residues (>4 residues/sample) were detected in 22 tested samples. The most commonly detected residues were fungicides (e.g., boscalid) and insecticides (e.g., methoxyfenozide). An ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–high resolution mass spectrometry method (UHPLC–(HR)MS) was used for screening of pesticide metabolites. We also provide a method and database for detecting pesticide metabolites (extending our previously published database to 49 metabolites originating from 25 pesticides). An introduced strategy of targeted screening of pesticide metabolites was applied for authentication of 27 organic grapes and wines. In total, 23 samples were free of quantifiable residues/detected metabolites or contained residues approved for organic production.

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“…In Phase III, conversion of Phase II metabolites into (nontoxic) 2 0 conjugates takes place; metabolites move to the vacuole for storage or are incorporated into the cell wall. 6 Analysis of pesticide metabolites is fairly challenging for several reasons: (i) their concentration might be very low, thus difficult to detect; as several metabolites originate from a parent pesticide; (ii) the dynamics of the origin of individual metabolites in specific crops are unknown, thus multiple metabolites should be always targeted; (iii) most of these metabolites are somewhat more polar compared to the parent compound, thus cannot be directly incorporated into common multiresidue methods, so new analytical procedures have to be developed and implemented; (iv) analytical standards are commercially available for only a few metabolites, thus accurate quantification of most of them is practically impossible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can Occurrence of Pesticide Metabolites Detected in Crops Provide the Evidence on Illegal Practices in Organic Farming?

Schusterova

Suchanová

Pulkrabová

et al. 2019

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Modern pesticides rapidly degrade after their application due to both physicochemical factors and through biotransformation. Consequently, pesticide residues in samples might be either undetectable or detected at low concentrations (≤ 10 µg/kg). Under such conditions, a monitoring of pesticide metabolites in samples might be a conceivable solution enabling the documentation of earlier pesticide use. Analysis of metabolites might pose analytical challenges, because pesticide degradation leads to the production of a number of metabolites, differing somewhat in their structure and polarity. This study was focused on the determination of pesticide residues and their metabolites in samples of grapevine and wine, using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry, with the objective of supporting the possibility of the verification of the method of farming. It documents the identification of pesticide metabolites commonly used in conventional farming and provides a characterization of pesticide degradation during grapevine growth, maturation and during the wine-making process.

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Bioavailability of Common Conjugates and Bound Residues

Cited by 3 publications

References 11 publications

Metabolic Fate of 2,4-Dichlorophenol and Related Plant Residues in Rats

Metabolic Fate of 2,4-Dichlorophenol and Related Plant Residues in Rats

Pesticide Residues and Their Metabolites in Grapes and Wines from Conventional and Organic Farming System

Can Occurrence of Pesticide Metabolites Detected in Crops Provide the Evidence on Illegal Practices in Organic Farming?

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