Biologically active polypeptides in the venom of the jellyfish Rhopilema nomadica

Studies on the hemolytic activity of tentacle extracts of jellyfish Rhopilema esculentum Kishinouye: Application of orthogonal test

“…Incubated temperature affected the hemolytic activity strongly and the hemolytic activity of venoms was temperature sensitive. The hemolytic potency of venom from jellyfish C. alata was sharply reduced at 45 • C and destroyed by boiling the venom [13]; no detectable hemolysis of venom from jellyfish R. nomadica occurred at 37 • C [14]. Nomura reported that the most efficacious initial treatment for jellyfish C. alata envenomation was hot water immersion to the afflicted site [27].…”

Two-step purification and in vitro characterization of a hemolysin from the venom of jellyfish Cyanea nozakii Kishinouye

“…Similarly, the hemolytic activity of Carybdea alata venom was found to be reduced when pre-incubated at temperatures over 25 • C and was totally inactive following preincubation at 100 • C [12]. Rhopilema nomadica venom displayed no detectable hemolytic activity after pre-incubation at 37 • C [24]. The hemolytic activity of CnPH was also shown to be metal cation-independent, as activity was reduced in the presence of 10 mM of the divalent metal cations Cu 2+ , Mg 2+ , Mn 2+ , Zn 2+ and Ca 2+ and enhanced by EDTA at all concentrations tested.…”

Bioactive toxins from stinging jellyfish

“…Stings from Rhopilema nomadica induce local burning pain and erythematous eruptions. Delayed cutaneous reactions and systemic symptoms such as fever, fatigue, and muscular aches were also described (Gusmani et al, 1997;Mariottini and Pane, 2010).…”