Blockchain Consensus Protocols

Ouattara, Hadja; Ahmat, Daouda; Ouédraogo, Frédéric; Bissyandé, Tegawendé F.; Sié, Oumarou

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-98827-6_29

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Appropriate documentation, refined organization plan, and simple APIs are crucial to facilitate the mix of subsystems. Furthermore, the agreement model is an applicable element since to some degree it characterizes how many assets are expected to take interest in the organization [78]. In addition, the clients eventually utilize their recognizable programming to deal with their tasks and information with the likelihood of profiting from the features of a blockchain framework on an equal basis.…”

Section: ) Equalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey on Blockchain Acquainted Software Requirements Engineering: Model, Opportunities, Challenges, and Future Directions

Farooq

Ahmed

Emran³

2022

IEEE Access

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Requirements are the basis of software development practices. Ambiguities in requirements lead a project to a point of failure or penalize it with a high budget and time for defect traceability. The ever-growing demand for advanced computing systems has increased the complexity of Software Requirements Engineering (SRE) practices. Blockchain systems require specialized SRE practices as the issues of Requirement Traceability (RT), developer/client confidentiality, and Requirement Negotiation (RN) typically exist in conventional approaches, which require more improvement. Moreover, blockchain technology incorporates the capacity to function as an infrastructure for the SRE framework providing transparency, security, and reliability. Even though the significance of studying blockchain in the context of SRE is evident, it is still in its infancy. None of the previous studies surveyed this domain to the best of our knowledge. We aim to summarize the scholarly contributions of blockchain acquainted SRE from 2015 to 2021 and to provide academia and practitioners with in-depth knowledge about this domain. In this article, we have provided a novel comprehensive review of the aspects of blockchain-acquainted SRE practices. We have presented SRE-based quality improvement factors and outlined the need for blockchain technology in this domain. Furthermore, we have classified SRE practices based on blockchain engineering. In addition, we have proposed a generic SRE model built on blockchain infrastructure along with its workflows. Similarly, we have provided implementation guidelines for the future development guidance of SRE applications built on blockchain technology. Finally, we have presented the current research challenges and provided future directions based on blockchain acquainted SRE.INDEX TERMS Software requirements engineering (SRE), software engineering (SE), requirements negotiation (RN), requirements traceability (RT), requirements validation (RV) software development life cycle (SDLC), software requirements specification (SRS), decentralized applications (DApps). TABLE 2. Requirements negotiation problem factors.

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Section: ) Equalitymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey on Blockchain Acquainted Software Requirements Engineering: Model, Opportunities, Challenges, and Future Directions

Farooq

Ahmed

Emran³

2022

IEEE Access

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“…Consensus algorithms would allow the next block to be added to the chain to be the only version of the truth and prevent attackers from infecting the chain [12]. The consensus algorithms are divided into two types.…”

Section: Consensus Algorithmsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey on Blockchain Technologies and Its Consensus Algorithms

Katarya

Vats

2021

Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering

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The evolution and development in blockchain technologies have attracted both research academia and industries. A typical blockchain stores data in a permanent and immutable way in form of blocks connecting, forming a chain of data. The whole system is made decentralized so that anyone connected to the network can verify the data, defining its P2P distributed nature. Blockchain has many components among which the core component is consensus protocol. This protocol is responsible for the security and performance of the blockchain. The consensus protocol introduced by Nakamoto in Bitcoin led the foundation stone for more innovative alternative consensus mechanisms. In this paper, we will conduct a systematic review of blockchain technology and its consensus algorithms and further analyze them based on some essential features and factors.

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“…It is the rule governing how new valid blocks are created and a consistent ledger is reached on a blockchain. There are various consensus protocols deployed by different blockchain applications [45,46], such as proof of work (PoW), proof of stake (PoS), delegated proof of stake (DPoS), and practical Byzantine fault tolerance (pBFT). Among them, Pow and PoS are the primary and most popular protocols.…”

Section: Consensus Protocol-proof Of Generationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Individual Green Certificates on Blockchain: A Simulation Approach

2020

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Distributed renewable energy offers an exciting opportunity for sustainable transition and climate change mitigation. However, it is overlooked in most of the conventional tradable green certificates programs. Blockchain shows an advantage of incorporating a galaxy of distributed prosumers in a transparent and low-cost manner. This paper proposes I-Green, a blockchain-based individual green certificates system for promoting voluntary adoption of distributed renewable energy. Combing the features of blockchain technology and the theories of social norm and peer effects, the novel green ratio incentive scheme and proof of generation consensus protocol are designed for I-Green. A blockchain simulator is constructed to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of I-Green system. The simulation results present its potential for facilitating widespread adoption of distributed generation, and confirm the feasibility of blockchain as the information communication technology (ICT).

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Blockchain Consensus Protocols

Cited by 13 publications

References 11 publications

A Survey on Blockchain Acquainted Software Requirements Engineering: Model, Opportunities, Challenges, and Future Directions

A Survey on Blockchain Acquainted Software Requirements Engineering: Model, Opportunities, Challenges, and Future Directions

A Survey on Blockchain Technologies and Its Consensus Algorithms

Individual Green Certificates on Blockchain: A Simulation Approach

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