Body weight and energy homeostasis was not affected in C57BL/6 mice fed high whey protein or leucine-supplemented low-fat diets

Noatsch, Anne; Petzke, K. J.; Millrose, Marion K.; Klaus, Susanne

doi:10.1007/s00394-010-0155-2

Cited by 49 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…It has been shown that HPD has affected blood glucose tolerance (Honors et al 2012), leading to the stimulation of genes involved in glyconeogenesis to ensure the regulation of glycemic control (Blouet et al 2006). Similar to our result, Noatsch et al (2011) found a significant increase in blood glucose levels of C57BL/6 mice fed a HPD over 14 weeks in a study investigating the effects of a HPD on body weight and energy homeostasis.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

The Effect of a High-Protein Diet and Exercise on Cardiac AQP7 and GLUT4 Gene Expression

et al. 2016

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High-protein (HP) diets are commonly consumed by athletes despite their potential health hazard, which is postulated to enforce a negative effect on bone and renal health. However, its effects on heart have not been known yet. Aquaporin-7 (AQP7) is an aquaglyceroporin that facilitates glycerol and water transport. Glycerol is an important cardiac energy production substrate, especially during exercise, in conjunction with fatty acids and glucose. Glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) is an insulin-sensitive glucose transporter in heart. We aimed to investigate the effect of HPD on AQP7 and GLUT4 levels in the rat heart subjected to exercise. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into control (n = 12), exercise (E) training (n = 10), HPD (n = 12), and HPD-E training (n = 9) groups. The HPD groups were fed a 45 % protein-containing diet 5 weeks. The HPD-E and E groups were performed the treadmill exercise during the 5-week study period. Real-time polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry techniques were used to determine the gene expression and localization of AQP7 and GLUT4 in heart tissue. Results of relative gene expression were calculated by the 'Pfaffl' mathematical method using the REST program. Differences in AQP7 and GLUT4 gene expression were expressed as fold change compared to the control group. Heart weight/tibia ratio and ventricular wall thickness were evaluated as markers of cardiac hypertrophy. Further, serum glucose, glycerol, and insulin levels were also measured. AQP7 gene expression was found to be increased in the E (3.47-fold, p < 0.001), HPD (5.59-fold, p < 0.001), and HPD-E (3.87-fold, p < 0.001) groups compared to the control group. AQP7 protein expression was also increased in the HPD and HPD-E groups (p < 0.001). Additionally, cardiac mRNA expression levels of GLUT4 showed a significant increase in the E (2.16-fold, p < 0.003), HPD (7.14-fold, p < 0.001), and HPD-E (3.43-fold, p < 0.001) groups compared to the control group. GLUT4 protein expression was significantly increased in the E, HPD, and HPD-E groups compared to the control group (p = 0.024, p < 0.001, and p < 0.001, respectively). Furthermore, Serum glucose levels were significantly different between groups (p < 0.005). This difference was observed between the HPD groups and normal-protein diet groups (C and E). Serum insulin levels were higher for HPD groups compared with the normal-protein diet groups (p < 0.001), whereas no differences were observed between the exercise and sedentary groups (p = 0.111). Serum glycerol levels were significantly increased in the HPD groups compared with control and E groups (p < 0.05 and p < 0.05, respectively). Consumption of HPD supplementation caused the increased effects on AQP7 and GLUT4 expression in rat heart.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

The Effect of a High-Protein Diet and Exercise on Cardiac AQP7 and GLUT4 Gene Expression

et al. 2016

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“…Protein was extracted from skeletal muscle (quadriceps and gastrocnemius), as described previously (39). Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and incubation of different antibodies, as well as chemiluminescence detection and quantification of protein bands, were done as described before (39) Analyses of fatty acid oxidation. Assays were done essentially as described (2,9).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Skeletal muscle uncoupling-induced longevity in mice is linked to increased substrate metabolism and induction of the endogenous antioxidant defense system

Keipert

Ost

Chadt

et al. 2013

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

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Keipert S, Ost M, Chadt A, Voigt A, Ayala V, Portero-Otin M, Pamplona R, Al-Hasani H, Klaus S. Skeletal muscle uncouplinginduced longevity in mice is linked to increased substrate metabolism and induction of the endogenous antioxidant defense system. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 304: E495-E506, 2013. First published December 31, 2012 doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00518.2012.-Ectopic expression of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) in skeletal muscle (SM) mitochondria increases lifespan considerably in high-fat diet-fed UCP1 Tg mice compared with wild types (WT). To clarify the underlying mechanisms, we investigated substrate metabolism as well as oxidative stress damage and antioxidant defense in SM of low-fatand high-fat-fed mice. Tg mice showed an increased protein expression of phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase, markers of lipid turnover (p-ACC, FAT/CD36), and an increased SM ex vivo fatty acid oxidation. Surprisingly, UCP1 Tg mice showed elevated lipid peroxidative protein modifications with no changes in glycoxidation or direct protein oxidation. This was paralleled by an induction of catalase and superoxide dismutase activity, an increased redox signaling (MAPK signaling pathway), and increased expression of stress-protective heat shock protein 25. We conclude that increased skeletal muscle mitochondrial uncoupling in vivo does not reduce the oxidative stress status in the muscle cell. Moreover, it increases lipid metabolism and reactive lipid-derived carbonyls. This stress induction in turn increases the endogenous antioxidant defense system and redox signaling. Altogether, our data argue for an adaptive role of reactive species as essential signaling molecules for health and longevity.uncoupling protein 1; AMP-activated protein kinase; oxidative stress; redox signaling; lipid metabolism AGING IS A VERY COMPLEX PROCESS driven by numerous molecular pathways and biochemical events. Regarding the relationship between energy metabolism and longevity, there is a hypothesis termed "uncoupling to survive," which suggests that increased mitochondrial uncoupling and thus increased energy expenditure might increase longevity by preventing the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) (6). Previously, we showed that transgenic (Tg) mice with an ectopic expression of the uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) in skeletal muscle (UCP1 Tg mice) showed a delayed development of obesity, improved glucose tolerance, and a 42% increased median lifespan compared with their wild-type (WT) littermates when exposed to a high-fat diet (30). However, the molecular mechanisms for these beneficial health effects of skeletal muscle uncoupling are not yet clarified.One hallmark of UCP1 Tg mice is an increased insulin sensitivity independent of body weight. Insulin resistance plays a crucial part in the pathogenesis of the metabolic syndrome and is characterized by a reduced substrate metabolism and impaired defense against stress in skeletal muscle. Skeletal muscle (SM) uncoupling increases SM glucose uptake and activates the AMPactivated protein k...

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“…However, the subject remains controversial because the results available do not unequivocally confirm the antiobese role of leucine feeding and of leucine signaling mechanisms [12,13]. Recently, we showed that mice kept on normal-fat diets with different whey protein and leucine concentrations for 14 weeks showed no differences in body weight (BW) gain [14]. In contrast, Zhang et al [15] found a reduced weight gain and improved glucose homeostasis when high-fat diets were used and leucine was supplemented via drinking water.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Circulating nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA), plasma cholesterol and triacylglycerol (TG) concentrations in plasma and liver were determined as previously described [14]. Free amino acid concentrations in plasma were determined by HPLC according to published protocols [17].…”

Section: Blood and Tissue Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of high-protein diets and leucine supplementation in the prevention of metabolic syndrome and related disorders in mice

Freudenberg

Petzke

Klaus

2012

The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry

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110

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Body weight and energy homeostasis was not affected in C57BL/6 mice fed high whey protein or leucine-supplemented low-fat diets

Cited by 49 publications

References 31 publications

The Effect of a High-Protein Diet and Exercise on Cardiac AQP7 and GLUT4 Gene Expression

The Effect of a High-Protein Diet and Exercise on Cardiac AQP7 and GLUT4 Gene Expression

Skeletal muscle uncoupling-induced longevity in mice is linked to increased substrate metabolism and induction of the endogenous antioxidant defense system

Comparison of high-protein diets and leucine supplementation in the prevention of metabolic syndrome and related disorders in mice

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