Broiler production challenges in the tropics: A review

Abstract

There has been an unprecedented increase in global animal production, especially in subtropical and tropical areas in the last two decades (Renaudeau et al., 2012). The increase in the demand for food is due to a rise in human population (Godfray et al., 2010). Due to its potential role to provide food and livelihood securities (Paswan et al., 2014), poultry production, especially broiler production, are expected to meet the critical shortage in animal protein needed by Africa (Hatab et al., 2019).There has been growing concerns on the impacts of climate change on livestock production. For example, in West Africa, the expected increase in average temperature by 2°C-6°C by the year 2100 (Sylla et al., 2016) portends a serious challenge to sustainable broiler production. Due to the climatic challenge, heat stress events are expected to become more frequent in livestock species (Rahimi et al., 2020). A study by Tawfeek et al. (2014) showed that high ambient temperature adversely affected the performance of broiler chickens under high ambient temperature. However, the authors indicated that supplementation of antioxidants ameliorated the effects of thermal stress on the birds. Therefore, the diets of the birds are required to be adjusted to the climatic conditions (Attia & Hassan, 2017;Nir, 1992;Suganya et al., 2015) and also to the prevailing economic status of the countries where they are produced.The fast rate of development of the poultry production in tropical countries has also engendered a situation of overdependence on

Dietary Grape (Vitis vinifera) Seed Powder and Zn–Gly Chelate Complex for Mitigating Heat Stress in Broiler Chickens: Growth Parameters, Malondialdehyde, Paraoxonase-1, and Antibody Titer

“…Heat stress is well known to reduce immune response in broilers through decreasing the weight of lymphoid organs and antibody production [32,33]. The Zn-glycine complex has a beneficial impact on the immune system [9].…”

Beyond the Chicken: Alternative Avian Models for Developmental Physiological Research

“…Thus, investigations of thermoregulation, either could employ desert birds or those inhabiting polar regions (Blix, 2016 ; McKechnie et al, 2021 ). These avian models could allow a better understanding of both temperature stress in domestic species, as well as basic questions like the development and evolution of endothermy (Dzialowski et al, 2007 ; Price and Dzialowski, 2018 ; Perini et al, 2020 ; Goel, 2021 ; Kpomasse et al, 2021 ). Similarly, understanding of chronic oxygen deprivation associated with high altitude and its effect on development and other processes can be facilitated by physiological and genetic investigations either species or breeds that normally inhabit high altitude, or by laboratory exposures to hypoxia (Dzialowski et al, 2002 ; Chan and Burggren, 2005 ; Zhang and Burggren, 2012 ; Burggren and Elmonoufy, 2017 ; Zhang et al, 2019 , 2020 ; Tang et al, 2021 ).…”

Kadar Kolesterol, Asam Urat dan Glukosa Darah Ayam Petelur yang Diberi Jus Daun Sirih (Piper betle Linn) pada Level yang Berbeda

“…Kadar glukosa, merupakan gambaran metabolisme nutrisi ternak dalam memproduksi daging berkualitas. Gambaran glukosa pada darah merupakan hasil akhir proses metabolisme karbohidrat yang beredar dalam darah (Purba et al, 2021), adalah sumber energi yang memiliki fungsi penting dalam tubuh utamanya dalam pemeliharaan sel tubuh dan otot atau daging (Kpomasse et al, 2021). Tampilan glukosa darah merupakan salah satu cara untuk melihat kondisi dimana ternak dalam kondisi sehat atau mengalami stress.…”