Butters rich either in trans-10-C18:1 or in trans-11-C18:1 plus cis-9, trans-11 CLA differentially affect plasma lipids and aortic fatty streak in experimental atherosclerosis in rabbits

Abstract

Dairy fat contains high amounts of saturated fatty acids (FA), which are associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Manipulation of dairy cows nutrition allows to decrease the saturated FA content of milk fat, and is associated with increases either in conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and trans-11-C18:1 contents, or in trans-10-C18:1 content. CLA putatively exhibits beneficial properties on CVD risk, whereas trans FA are suspected to be detrimental. The present study compared the effects of a trans-10-C18:1-rich butter (T10 butter), a trans-11-C18:1 þ CLA-rich butter (T11-CLA butter) and a standard butter (S butter) on lipid parameters linked to the CVD risk and fatty streaks. Thirty-six White New Zealand rabbits were fed one of the three butters (12% of the diet, plus 0.2% cholesterol) for 6 (experiment 1) or 12 (experiment 2) weeks. Liver lipids, plasma lipids and lipoprotein concentrations (experiments 1 and 2) and aortic lipid deposition (experiment 2) were determined. The T10 butter increased VLDL-cholesterol compared with the two others, and total and LDL-cholesterol compared with the T11-CLA butter ( P , 0.05). The T10 butter also increased non-HDL/HDL ratio and aortic lipid deposition compared with the T11-CLA butter ( P , 0.05). The T11-CLA butter non-significantly reduced aortic lipid deposition compared with the S butter, and decreased HDLcholesterol and increased liver triacyglycerols compared with the two other butters ( P , 0.05). These results suggest that, compared with the S butter, the T10 butter had detrimental effects on plasma lipid and lipoprotein metabolism in rabbits, whereas the T11-CLA butter was neutral or tended to reduce the aortic lipid deposition.

Influence of α-tocopherol supplementation on trans-18:1 and conjugated linoleic acid profiles in beef from steers fed a barley-based diet

“…For humans, total trans fatty acid intake is associated with an increase in coronary -E-mail: duganm@agr.gc.ca heart disease (Oh et al, 2005); however, studies on effects of individual t18:1 isomers are limited (Field et al, 2009;Wang et al, 2012). In rabbits, feeding butter enriched with t10-18:1 had unhealthy effects on blood lipoprotein profiles, whereas effects of feeding butter enriched with t11-18:1 were limited Roy et al, 2007). In humans, intake of dairy products enriched with t11-18:1 and cis(c)9, t11-18:2 (rumenic acid) also had limited effects on blood lipid profiles (Tricon et al, 2006;Sofi et al, 2010), however, some unhealthy changes were noted when relatively high levels were consumed (Chardigny et al, 2008).…”

Effect of Diet Supplementation with Combinations of Soybean and Linseed Oils on Milk Production and Fatty Acid Profile in Lactating Dairy Ewes

“…It is advisable to avoid any excessive consumption of trans-10 C18:1 due to the increase in the lipid deposition in the aorta artery, the higher VLDL, total and LDL cholesterol and the reduced concentration of HDL cholesterol observed in rabbits after the consumption of a butter rich in trans-10 C18:1. In contrast, animals that consumed butter rich in VA and RA presented neutral effects or a tendency to reduce lipid deposition in the artery [52].…”

Effects of dietary trans-9 octadecenoic acid, trans-11 vaccenic acid and cis-9, trans-11 conjugated linoleic acid in mice

“…When TVA-/CLA-enriched butter was fed to rodents, the serum levels of cholesterol and triacylglycerol, and the extent of atherosclerosis were reduced compared with those fed with regular butter (8,9). In rabbits, the ratio of atherogenic to antiatherogenic lipoproteins, very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)+LDL to high-density lipoprotein (HDL), was observed to be significantly lower in animals fed TVA/CLA-enriched butter, compared with those fed trans-10-C18:1-enriched group (9).…”

“…When TVA-/CLA-enriched butter was fed to rodents, the serum levels of cholesterol and triacylglycerol, and the extent of atherosclerosis were reduced compared with those fed with regular butter (8,9). In rabbits, the ratio of atherogenic to antiatherogenic lipoproteins, very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)+LDL to high-density lipoprotein (HDL), was observed to be significantly lower in animals fed TVA/CLA-enriched butter, compared with those fed trans-10-C18:1-enriched group (9). In addition, milk fat-rich cis-9, trans-11 CLA has been demonstrated to reduce the atherogenic process in hyperlipidemic hamsters (10), and bovine milk fat, enriched with conjugated linoleic and vaccenic acids, attenuates allergic airway disease in mice (11).…”