Caracterización socioeconómica de fincas cafeteras del departamento de Nariño, Colombia

Ethnoedaphology as an Integrating Process between Academy and Peasant Knowledge in the Productive System of Coffee (<i>Coffea arabica</i> L.) of Southwestern Colombia

“…By means of the Multiple Correspondence Analysis-MCA, it was characterized to understand the dynamics of the coffee agroecosystems. The majority of coffee growers have their own land (V1 = 1) (32 farms), with an area ranging from 1 to 2 hectares (V2 = 1) (17 farms), in agreement with that registered for the coffee ecotope 220ª where the municipalities of La Unión and Buesaco are located, 74.4% of the farms have less than 3 hectares and predominantly the cultivate C. arabica [11]. Four types of coffee production systems (V3) were found: 1) coffee in association with canopy shade of some perennial woody perennials and mosses (V3 = 2) (27 farms); 2) coffee in association with canopy shade of multipurpose perennial woody perennials (V3 = 1) (10 farms); 3) coffee in association with mosses (V3 = 3) (2 farms); 4) coffee without canopy shade (V3 = 4) (2 farms).…”

“…), and guineo (Musa spp.). The presence of fruit trees provides the farmer with an additional alternative for family food security and the remaining product for sale [11]. The shade coffee system is a model of sustainable development that provides goods and services such as soil protection and conservation, nutrient recycling, and habitat for different organisms, among others [26] [27].…”

“…In Colombia, the knowledge of agricultural lands has generally been handled from the agronomic study, through the evaluation of physical and chemical properties in laboratory, covering the problems encountered from this perspective [7], due to the lack of communication between technicians and producers, most of the time the views and knowledge of the local population are neglected and modern scientific knowledge is imposed as the only valid [8] [9]. The approach to the knowledge of rural communities in general and, in particular, to the local knowledge of soil, has been called Ethnoedaphology or peasant land classification, which studies the perception of soil properties, its nomenclature, relationship with ecological factors and its management in agriculture [7] [10], which is catalogued as a science that comprises the knowledge that a community has ac-Thus, the need to promote the integration of peasant knowledge and scientific knowledge focused on the soil resource, its forms of evaluation and its application in the coffee sector, of the Department of Nariño, which is made up by 64 municipalities, of which 41 are coffee producers [11]. In Nariño region, producers attribute the impacts of the soil on production systems due to a change in heat intensity and rainfall patterns.…”

Tipificación de fincas cafeteras para la implementación de tecnologías de adaptación al cambio climático, Municipio de Buesaco (Nariño, Colombia)

“…Los sistemas de certificación de los cuales adolecen las comunidades encuestadas pueden facilitar la implementación de estas tecnologías, ya que facilitan los procesos motivacionales, ya que es un canal para abordar nuevos nichos de mercado a partir del cumplimiento de estándares y aprovechamiento de buenas prácticas de adaptación al cambio climático (Verburg et al, 2019). Lo anterior concuerda con lo reportado por Criollo-Escobar et al, (2019) en fincas cafeteras del municipio de Buesaco, donde destaca dentro de su proceso de tipificación, el minifundio, la economía familiar, y las capacidades de asistencia técnica. Así mismo, relaciona la adopción de tecnologías para el manejo y aprovechamiento del cultivo, en función de variables como la disponibilidad de recursos (físicos y económicos) y el nivel de escolaridad de los productores.…”

“…Entre ellos, el sistema productivo de café, es uno de los pilares económicos más importantes del sector agropecuario colombiano, responsable del 26% del total de empleos generados en las actividades agrícolas a nivel nacional; en el departamento de Nariño, la caficultura genera 27.000 empleos directos, caracterizada por una economía familiar, de baja tecnificación y limitados servicios de asistencia técnica (Criollo-Escobar et al, 2019). Debido a la irregularidad de los períodos de precipitación y verano, denominado eventos climáticos extremos, los caficultores perciben una gran amenaza por: disminución de la productividad, daño de los periodos de floración, pérdida de la calidad del grano, entre otros (Lloyd y Chalabi, 2021;.…”