Carbazole-substituted dialkoxybenzodithiophene dyes for efficient light harvesting and the effect of alkoxy tail length

Near-infrared photothermal conversion properties of carbazole-based cocrystals with different degrees of charge transfer

“…1) demonstrates superior electron-donating capacity and remarkable optical properties, 12 which make it a promising candidate for use in such diverse technologies as organic light-emitting diodes, 13 bioimaging, 14 and dye-sensitized solar cells. 15 The halogenate substances of carbazole, 3,6-dichlorocarbazole (ClCZ) and 3,6-dibromocarbazole (BrCZ), include chlorine/bromine atoms with steric hindrance and electron withdrawing effects on the two benzene rings, which may change the π⋯π packing and electron-donating capacity of carbazole. 7,7′,8,8′-Tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) is a representative electron acceptor due to its four –CN groups with strong electron withdrawing capacity, and is often used to fabricate various charge transfer cocrystals toward tuneable optoelectronic properties against individual donors.…”

Recent developments in metal‐free organic sensitizers derived from carbazole, triphenylamine, and phenothiazine for dye‐sensitized solar cells

“…A series of CZ‐substituted dialkoxybenzodithiophene sensitizers ( 51 , 52 , and 53 ) were reported by Wagner et al 84 51 , 52 , and 53 based DSSC displayed the efficiencies of 4.49%, 5.27%, and 5.60%, respectively. The highest efficiency of 53 ‐based device was mainly due to the long alkoxy chain (8 carbons) in the molecule, which reduces the recombination more effectively by blocking the entry of oxidised redox mediator to the surface of TiO 2 .…”

New insights into the alkoxy effects on auxiliary adsorption and inhibiting charge recombination in dye-sensitized solar cells with high open circuit voltage: a theoretical investigation

“…Although a considerable number of experimental studies have been performed for determining the alkoxy chain effects on macroscopic properties, 12,13 such as spectroscopy, electron lifetime measurements, current–voltage curves, and so on, a microscopic picture of the alkoxy chain effects is still lacking and the understanding of the alkoxy chain effects is limited. For example, where the alkyl chain should be added to the molecule and what is the most appropriate length of the alkyl chain?…”

“…EIS analysis in the dark was carried out to further elucidate the V oc difference, and the t e also coincided well with the V oc , which suggests that the hydrophobic blocking groups like alkyl or alkylphenyl as side substituents in the p-linker could be beneficial in restricting aggregation and shielding electron recombination. 11 Although a considerable number of experimental studies have been performed for determining the alkoxy chain effects on macroscopic properties, 12,13 such as spectroscopy, electron lifetime measurements, current-voltage curves, and so on, a microscopic picture of the alkoxy chain effects is still lacking and the understanding of the alkoxy chain effects is limited. For example, where the alkyl chain should be added to the molecule and what is the most appropriate length of the alkyl chain?…”