Carbazoles and coumarins from Clausena harmandiana stimulate glucose uptake in L6 myotubes

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“…As part of our continued screening program on bioactive substances from natural sources [14][15][16][17][18] , it is expected that C. harmandiana may be the source of many antioxidant and cancer chemopreventive agents with novel structures. Crude hexane, EtOAc and MeOH extracts from the roots of this plant were investigated and 12 compounds were isolated.…”

Antibacterial carbazole alkaloids from Clausena harmandiana twigs

“…The young leaves are edible [1] and some parts of the plant have been used as traditional medicines for the treatment of illness, stomachache, and headache [2]. Many of carbazole alkaloids as well as coumarins were recognized as major compounds of C. harmandiana and some of them displayed interesting biological activities including antimalaria, anti-TB, cytotoxicity, and stimulate glucose uptake in L6 myotubes [1][2][3][4]. In a continuing search for bioactive metabolites from Clausena plants [5][6][7][8][9], we report herein the isolation and identification of three new carbazole alkaloids (1)(2)(3), harmandianamines A-C, along with fifteen known compounds including clausevatine D (4) [11], clausamine A (5) [12], clausamine B (6) [12], clausine S (7) [13], girinimbine (8) [14], O-demethylmurrayanine (9) [15], clauszoline I (10) [16], clausine Z (11) [17], clauszoline N (12) [18], clausine D (13) [19], clausine F (14) [19], clausemine D (15) [20], heptaphylline (16) [21], dectamine (17) [22], and γ-fagarine (18) [22] (Fig.…”

Synthesis and Cytotoxicity of Coumarin Derivatives and Nordentatin

“…Structural modification of natural compounds such as flavonoids 1 , sesquiterpenes 2 and carbazoles 3 have been studied and evaluated for bioactivities. In previous investigations of the chemical constituents of Clausena harmandiana, carbazoles and coumarins have been isolated and evaluated for many activities such as antiplasmodial 4 , antifungal, anti TB, cytotoxic 5,6 and antidiabetic 7 . It has been reported that coumarins exhibit antibacterial and antitumor promoting action and have an inhibitory effect on iNOS protein expression 8 .…”

“…It has been reported that coumarins exhibit antibacterial and antitumor promoting action and have an inhibitory effect on iNOS protein expression 8 . Nordentatin, a coumarin from this plant, showed significant glucose uptake activity in L9 myotubes in a time and dose dependent manner 7 . In addition, nordentatin was inhibited by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases and showed significant toxicity to P-388 cells with EC 50 value of 0.26 mg/mL 9 .…”