Carbohydrate Intake in the Etiology of Crohnʼs Disease and Ulcerative Colitis

Abstract

Article first published online 25 September 2014.Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text.

Dietary Patterns and Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Europe

“…A recent prospective study performed by our group found no association between carbohydrates, sugar, or starch intakes and UC risk 11 . In the present analyses of dietary patterns, we aimed to explore diet as a whole, and addressed the complex relationships .…”

Dietary fiber intake reduces risk of inflammatory bowel disease: result from a meta-analysis

“…The association between fiber intake and CD risk was 0.40 (95% CI, 0.24-0.68; I 2 = 32.7%) among studies conducted in Europe, and the associations were 0.65 (95% CI, 0.46-0.94; I 2 = 0.0%) for studies that were adjusted for smoking habits [4,11] and 0.36 (95% CI, 0.18-0.74; I 2 = 51.5%) for studies that were not adjusted for smoking habits [5,6,10,12]. For dose-response analysis, the data from 3 articles [4,6,9] involving 4 studies were used. We found no evidence of statistically significant departure from linearity (P for linearity = .74).…”

“…Several retrospective case-control studies have reported that the specific dietary components such as carbohydrate, protein, and fat were associated with risk of CD and/or UC [4][5][6][7][8]. Dietary fiber, which is present in many food, has been assumed to exert influence on the etiology of IBD such as shaping the composition of gut microbiota and changing intestinal permeability [9]. Several observational studies have evaluated the associations of dietary fiber intake with CD and UC risks, but the results are inconsistent.…”

What is known about the mechanisms of dietary influences in Crohn's disease?

“…Recent evidence from a large European multicenter prospective study recruiting 401 326 individuals, suggested that carbohydrate does not play any role in the risk for developing CD [13]. This is further supported by a recent French study comprising 67 581 women, which again showed no relationship between risk for developing CD and carbohydrate intake.…”