Carbon Nanomaterials for Treating Osteoporotic Vertebral Fractures

Carvalho, Jancineide Oliveira de; Oliveira, Francílio de Carvalho; Freitas, Sérgio Antônio Pereira; Soares, Liana Martha; Lima, Rita de Cássia Barros; Gonçalves, Lícia de Sousa; Webster, Thomas J.; Marciano, Fernanda Roberta; Lobo, Anderson Oliveira

doi:10.1007/s11914-018-0476-2

Cited by 11 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The soft tissue was removed, and bone pieces were examined by radiograph and histological analyses. 19 For biochemical analysis, ALP kit was used (Labtest Diagnostica SA, Lagoa Santa, Brazil). The absorbance was measured at 590 nm.…”

Section: X-ray Examinations Histological and Biochemical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High loads of nano-hydroxyapatite/graphene nanoribbon composites guided bone regeneration using an osteoporotic animal model

Oliveira¹,

Carvalho²,

Gusmão

et al. 2019

IJN

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BackgroundIt has been difficult to find bioactive compounds that can optimize bone repair therapy and adequate osseointegration for people with osteoporosis. The nano-hydroxyapatite (nHAp)/carbon nanotubes with graphene oxides, termed graphene nanoribbons (GNR) composites have emerged as promising materials/scaffolds for bone regeneration due to their bioactivity and osseointegration properties. Herein, we evaluated the action of nHAp/GNR composites (nHAp/GNR) to promote bone regeneration using an osteoporotic model.Materials and methodsFirst, three different nHAp/GNR (1, 2, and 3 wt% of GNR) were produced and characterized. For in vivo analyses, 36 Wistar rats (var. albinus, weighing 250–300 g, Comissão de Ética no Uso de Animais [CEUA] n.002/17) were used. Prior to implantation, osteoporosis was induced by oophorectomy in female rats. After 45 days, a tibial fracture was inflicted using a 3.0-mm Quest trephine drill. Then, the animals were separated into six sample groups at two different time periods of 21 and 45 days. The lesions were filled with 3 mg of one of the above samples using a curette. After 21 or 45 days of implantation, the animals were euthanized for analysis. Histological, biochemical, and radiographic analyses (DIGORA method) were performed. The data were evaluated through ANOVA, Tukey test, and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test with statistical significance at P<0.05.ResultsBoth nHAp and GNR exhibited osteoconductive activity. However, the nHAp/GNR exhibited regenerative activity proportional to their concentration, following the order of 3% >2% >1% wt.ConclusionTherefore, it can be inferred that all analyzed nanoparticles promoted bone regeneration in osteoporotic rats independent of analyzed time.

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Section: X-ray Examinations Histological and Biochemical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We emphasize that the study presented here advances recent literature, enhancing bone regeneration in osteoporosis and offering the potential for the development of new commercial biomaterials based on nHAp/GNR for bone tissue engineering. 19…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High loads of nano-hydroxyapatite/graphene nanoribbon composites guided bone regeneration using an osteoporotic animal model

Oliveira¹,

Carvalho²,

Gusmão

et al. 2019

IJN

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“…[9][10][11] Recently, the application of biocompatible nanomedicines shows the potential for the safe treatment of osteoporosis. 12,13 For instance, the gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been reported to be effective for osteoporosis treatment without causing toxic effects. 14 They are efficient for the promotion of osteoblast differentiation, 15,16 suppression of the formation of osteoclast, 17 and inhibition of adipose-derived stem cell differentiation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra-Small Lysozyme-Protected Gold Nanoclusters as Nanomedicines Inducing Osteogenic Differentiation

Li¹,

Zhuang²,

Tao³

et al. 2020

IJN

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Ultra-small gold nanoclusters (AuNCs), as emerging fluorescent nanomaterials with excellent biocompatibility, have been widely investigated for in vivo biomedical applications. However, their effects in guiding osteogenic differentiation have not been investigated, which are important for osteoporosis therapy and bone regeneration. Herein, for the first time, lysozymeprotected AuNCs (Lys-AuNCs) are used to stimulate osteogenic differentiation, which have the potential for the treatment of bone disease. Methods: Proliferation of MC3T3E-1 is important for osteogenic differentiation. First, the proliferation rate of MC3T3E-1 was studied by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK8) assays. Signaling pathways of PI3K/Akt play central roles in controlling proliferation throughout the body. The expression of PI3K/Akt was investigated in the presence of lysozyme, and lysozyme-protected AuNCs (Lys-AuNCs) by Western blot (WB) and intracellular cell imaging to evacuate the osteogenic differentiation mechanisms. Moreover, the formation of osteoclasts (OC) plays a negative role in the differentiation of osteoblasts. Nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL) and macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) signaling pathways are used to understand the negative influence of the osteogenic differentiation by the investigation of Raw 264.7 cell line. Raw 264.7 (murine macrophage-like) cells and NIH/3T3 (mouse fibroblast) cells were treated with tyloxapol, and the cell viability was assessed. Raw 264.7 cells have also been used for in vitro studies, on understanding the osteoclast formation and function. The induced osteoclasts were identified by TRAP confocal fluorescence imaging. These key factors in osteoclast formation, such as (NFATc-1, c-Fos, V-ATPase-2 and CTSK), were investigated by Western blot. Results: Based on the above investigation, Lys-AuNCs were found to promote osteogenic differentiation and decrease osteoclast activity. It is noteworthy that the lysozyme (protected template), AuNPs, or the mixture of Lysozyme and AuNPs have negligible effects on osteoblastic differentiation compared to Lys-AuNCs. Conclusion: This study opens up a novel avenue to develop a new gold nanomaterial for promoting osteogenic differentiation. The possibility of using AuNCs as nanomedicines for the treatment of osteoporosis can be expected.

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“…The emergence and development of tissue engineering offer tremendous potential. The properties of bio-scaffolds play an important role in bone tissue engineering [4, 5]. An ideal biomaterial for bone tissue engineering should provide biocompatibility, good surface activity, appropriate pore sizes and porosity, high mechanical strength, and plasticity [6–8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acceleration of Bone Regeneration in Critical-Size Defect Using BMP-9-Loaded nHA/ColI/MWCNTs Scaffolds Seeded with Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Zhang

Liu

et al. 2019

BioMed Research International

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Biocompatible scaffolding materials play an important role in bone tissue engineering. This study sought to develop and characterize a nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA)/collagen I (ColI)/multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) composite scaffold loaded with recombinant bone morphogenetic protein-9 (BMP-9) for bone tissue engineering by in vitro and in vivo experiments. The composite nHA/ColI/MWCNT scaffolds were fabricated at various concentrations of MWCNTs (0.5, 1, and 1.5% wt) by blending and freeze drying. The porosity, swelling rate, water absorption rate, mechanical properties, and biocompatibility of scaffolds were measured. After loading with BMP-9, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) were seeded to evaluate their characteristics in vitro and in a critical sized defect in Sprague-Dawley rats in vivo. It was shown that the 1% MWCNT group was the most suitable for bone tissue engineering. Our results demonstrated that scaffolds loaded with BMP-9 promoted differentiation of BMMSCs into osteoblasts in vitro and induced more bone formation in vivo. To conclude, nHA/ColI/MWCNT scaffolds loaded with BMP-9 possess high biocompatibility and osteogenesis and are a good candidate for use in bone tissue engineering.

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Carbon Nanomaterials for Treating Osteoporotic Vertebral Fractures

Cited by 11 publications

References 28 publications

<p>High loads of nano-hydroxyapatite/graphene nanoribbon composites guided bone regeneration using an osteoporotic animal model</p>

<p>High loads of nano-hydroxyapatite/graphene nanoribbon composites guided bone regeneration using an osteoporotic animal model</p>

<p>Ultra-Small Lysozyme-Protected Gold Nanoclusters as Nanomedicines Inducing Osteogenic Differentiation</p>

Acceleration of Bone Regeneration in Critical-Size Defect Using BMP-9-Loaded nHA/ColI/MWCNTs Scaffolds Seeded with Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells

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