“…Nanomedicine is an emerging field that has provided remarkable advances such as early detection and treatments with high therapeutic efficacy and no or minimum toxicity. − The use of nanomedicine has been shown to significantly contribute to the diagnosis and therapy of various complex diseases such as cancer, cardiovascular, and Alzheimer’s disease. − During the past few years, “theranostic” nanostructures capable of diagnostics as well as therapy have gained popularity as they present the potential to bring unparalleled advances in the medical field. , A variety of theranostic nanoconstructs have been developed that generally contain inorganic nanoparticles and biocompatible matrix (lipid, protein, or polymer) that can target diseased parts in passive or active manner with control of their size and surface functionality, respectively. − With their targeting ability, the theranostic nanoconstructs are employed to diagnose disease status via different imaging techniques (ultrasound, X-ray, MRI, CT, and SPECT) . At the same time, they can treat diseases via thermo/chemo/biotherapy by providing temperature/drug/gene delivery at the target site.…”