Caries arresting effect of silver diamine fluoride on dentine carious lesion with S. mutans and L. acidophilus dual-species cariogenic biofilm

Abstract

Objectives: This in vitro study investigated the effects of silver diamine fluoride (SDF) on dentine carious lesion with cariogenic biofilm. Study Design: Thirty human dentine blocks were inoculated with Streptococcus mutans and Lactobacillus acidophilus dual-species biofilm to create carious lesion. They were equally divided into test and control group to receive topical application of SDF and water. After incubation anaerobically using micro-well plate at 37oC for 7 days, the biofilms were evaluated for kinetics, morphology and viability by colony forming units (CFU), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and confocal microscopy (CLSM), respectively. The carious lesion underwent crystal characteristics analysis, evaluation of the changes in chemical structure and density of collagen fibrils using x-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and immune-labeling. Results: The log CFU of S. mutans and L. acidophilus in the test group was significantly lower than control group. SEM and CLSM showed confluent biofilm in control group, but not in test group. XRD showed the loss of crystallinity of dentine due to the dissolution of hydroxyapatite crystal structure in test group was less than control group. FTIR showed that log [Amide I: HPO42-] for test vs. control group was 0.31±0.10 vs. 0.57±0.13 (p<0.05). The gold-labeling density in test vs. control group was 8.54±2.44/µm2 vs. 12.91±4.24/µm2 (p=0.04). Conclusions: SDF had antimicrobial activity against the cariogenic biofilms and reduced demineralization of dentine. Key words:Caries, caries arrest, dentine, silver, silver diamine fluoride, fluoride, biofilm,cariogenic.

Effect of Silver Diamine Fluoride and Potassium Iodide Treatment on Secondary Caries Prevention and Tooth Discolouration in Cervical Glass Ionomer Cement Restoration

“…Laboratory studies have illustrated that the topical application of a 38% SDF solution can inhibit the growth of cariogenic biofilms [6,7,8]. It has been suggested that 38% SDF possesses a strong inhibitory effect on the action of cysteine cathepsins [18] and matrix metalloproteinase [19], which are closely related to the collagen degradation of dentine.…”

“…Studies have shown that silver diamine fluoride (SDF) has an intense antibacterial effect on cariogenic bacteria and can inhibit the growth of multi-species cariogenic biofilms on tooth surfaces [6,7,8]. SDF is a topical fluoride which is often used in high concentration (38%) for preventing and arresting dental caries [9].…”

Evidence-Based Dentistry Update on Silver Diamine Fluoride

“…What is currently understood is that the fluoride component strengthens the tooth structure under attack by the acid byproducts of bacterial metabolism, 15 decreasing its solubility, but SDF may also interfere with the biofilm, killing bacteria that cause the local environmental imbalance that demineralizes dental tissues. 16 Thus, SDF becomes one of the tools available to address caries by modifying the bacterial actions on the tissue while enhancing remineralization.…”

Effects of zinc fluoride on inhibiting dentin demineralization and collagen degradation <i>in vitro</i>: A comparison of various topical fluoride agents

“…Among treatments of NaF, acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF), and silver diamine fluoride (SDF), SDF was the most effective 3,4) . It is unique in terms of anti-bacterial [5][6][7] and anti-enzymatic effects 8) with silver ions (Ag + ) in addition to the demineralization inhibition. These higher efficacies of SDF would be attributed to high concentrations of Ag (25.5%) and fluoride (44,880 ppm), leading to the acquisition of these ions on and into the dentin tissue 9) .…”