Case report of Brunner’s gland hyperplasia: A rare “mimic” of malignant pathology

McCafferty, Jonathan; Tokhi, Ashraf; Krishnamoorthy, Sujith; Pande, Girish

doi:10.1016/j.ijscr.2021.105827

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…1 McCafferty et al, reported that most of the lesions are located at the first part of the duodenum (70%), with decreasing incidence distally. 2 The present study showing coherence with this study (Table 1).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Brunner’s Gland Lesions: An uncommon entity mimicking malignancy

Swarnakar²,

Chandrakar

et al. 2022

Asian J Med Sci

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Brunner’s gland hyperplasia (BGH) or adenoma is an uncommon benign lesion which mimics malignancy in the duodenum. In the present study, five cases of BGH were reported, out of which one case was presented with large size measuring 5.54×4.05 cm, which has not been yet reported. Computed tomography demonstrated a large obstructing polypoidal mass, on esophagogastroduodenoscopy demonstrated polypoidal growth, and histologic examination revealed brunner’s gland adenoma. Most of the cases presented with gastric outlet obstruction and upper gastrointestinal bleeding with other non-specific symptoms. BGH is an uncommon benign condition of the duodenum, patients were usually asymptomatic or may present with non-specific symptoms or present as an incidental finding on endoscopy. Endoscopic and/or surgical resection represents the ideal approach. Brunner’s gland described by the Swiss anatomist Johann Conrad Brunner in 1688, predominantly present within the submucosa, begin just distal to the gastroduodenal junction, and gradually decrease in size and number distally and are often used as a histological marker of the duodenum. A Brunner’s gland adenoma (BGA), also known as BGH or hamartoma, is an uncommonbenign lesion in the duodenum.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Brunner’s Gland Lesions: An uncommon entity mimicking malignancy

Swarnakar²,

Chandrakar

et al. 2022

Asian J Med Sci

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“…The underlying etiology of BGH is unknown. Numerous articles and studies have hypothesized that BGH results from excessive acid secretion, Helicobacter pylori infection, or inflammation encouraging the production of alkaline secretions by the Brunner's gland cells [1][2][3][4]. The reduced pancreatic exocrine function may also be the cause.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The reduced pancreatic exocrine function may also be the cause. However, it is now believed that the primary component causing BGH is the exocrine modifying factor, which includes the hormone, vagus nerve, and intestinal mucous membrane factor [ 3 , 4 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The primary physiological purpose of Brunner's gland, which is situated in the duodenal submucosa, is to create an alkaline-based mucus to shield the duodenal mucosa from the acid released in the stomach [ 3 ]. Less than 200 cases have been reported, and it has seldom been discussed in the literature [ 4 ]. BGH is mainly discovered incidentally during endoscopy or imaging techniques.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Brunneroma: A Case of Uncommon Gastrointestinal Bleeding in a Young Adult

Hariri¹,

Haider²,

Nashwan³

et al. 2023

Cureus

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Brunner's gland hyperplasia (BGH) or Brunneroma is an uncommon benign proliferative lesion of the small intestine. It is primarily found in the duodenal submucosa, and its main function is to create an alkalinebased mucus to protect the duodenum from stomach acid. BGH can manifest as hyperplasia or a polypoidal tumor and is often discovered incidentally during endoscopy or imaging. Less than 200 cases have been reported in the literature, and it rarely causes gastrointestinal bleeding. In this case report, we present a case of a 25-year-old male who presented with bloody stools and fainting due to severe anemia and underlying gastrointestinal pathology.

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“…Endoscopically, it may present as a mucosal prolapse/ duodenal polyp (if >5mm is called brunner's gland hamartoma) or, rarely, an infiltrative duodenal mass (diffuse nodular hyperplasia). It is usually asymptomatic but, rarely, symptoms/complications like bleeding, obstruction and abdominal pain may arise (1,2). The main differential diagnoses are pancreatic or duodenal neoplasms and groove pancreatitis (3).…”

Section: What Is the Diagnosis?mentioning

confidence: 99%