Challenges and prospects of lithium–CO₂batteries

Abstract

The key role played by carbon dioxide in global temperature cycles has stimulated constant research attention on carbon capture and storage. Among the various options, lithium-carbon dioxide batteries are intriguing, not only for the transformation of waste carbon dioxide to value-added products, but also for the storage of electricity from renewable power resources and balancing the carbon cycle. The development of this system is still in its early stages and faces tremendous hurdles caused by the introduction of carbon dioxide. In this review, detailed discussion on the critical problems faced by the electrode, the interface, and the electrolyte is provided, along with the rational strategies required to address these problematic issues for efficient carbon dioxide fixation and conversion. We hope that this review will provide a resource for a comprehensive understanding of lithium-carbon dioxide batteries and will serve as guidance for exploring reversible and rechargeable alkali metal-based carbon dioxide battery systems in the future.

Bifunctional BiPd Alloy Particles Anchored on Carbon Matrix for Reversible Zn–CO2 Battery

“…Compared with pioneering works (Table S1), the bifunctional BiPdC cathode successfully achieves CO 2 –HCOOH interconversion and realizes long-time reversible reactions toward CO 2 –HCOOH. In terms of Zn–CO 2 battery discharging performance, many pioneering works of literature display a maximum power density below 0.8 mW cm –2 due to the limited discharging current and voltage causing undesired exporting power density for practical application. ,,− In fact, as a newly viable technology, the rechargeable Zn–CO 2 batteries combine sustainable electricity supplement with value-added chemical production simultaneously, revealing both electrical output and CO 2 fixation applications. ,− …”

The Relationship between Initial Coulombic Efficiency and Transition Metal Ion Redox in P2-Na0.85[Cu0.1FexMn1–x]O2 Cathodes

“…It is obvious that R EEI and R CT at open circuit voltage are larger than those after circulation. This may be due to the high reactivity of layered oxides exposed to wet air and the passivation surface layer composed of carbonate species produced by electrolyte decomposition during electrode preparation. − …”

Black phosphorus-based nanohybrids for energy storage, catalysis, sensors, electronic/photonic devices, and tribological applications

“…BP has been investigated as an anode material for metal-ion batteries owing to its higher theoretical capacities of 2596 mA h g À1 for Li + storage (LIBs) and 2600 mA h g À1 for Na + batteries (NIBs), etc. 113,114 It is few times higher than the commonly used graphite, and a large inter-layer spacing (0.53 nm) allows the easier intercalation and de-intercalation of different-sized ions compared to graphene. BP also possesses acceptable density (2.69 g cm À3 ), which is essential for light batteries, sufficient charge/discharge potential scales, and the quick kinetics of electrode process.…”