Changes in the sterol compositions of milk thistle oil (&lt;em&gt;Silybium marianum&lt;/em&gt; L.) during seed maturation

Harrabi, Saoussem; Curtis, Steven C.; Hayet, F.; Mayer, Paul M.

doi:10.3989/gya.0495151

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The other sterols were found in much lower amounts: Δ5-stigmasterol was at 0.25–0.35 mg/g, campesterol at 0.19–0.27 mg/g, and cholesterol at 0.12–0.37 mg/g; they constituted respectively 9–12%, 7–9%, and 4–13% of the total sterols. The individual sterol contents and their percentage compositions were in agreement with the results of studies of Harrabi et al ( 2016 ) and Fathi-Achachlouei and Azadmard-Damirchi ( 2009 ). In all dried samples, a decrease was observed in the total sterol contents (Fig.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

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The effect of drying temperature of milk thistle seeds on quality and bioactive compounds in the lipid fraction

et al. 2020

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Milk thistle oils are available on the market and appeal to consumers because of their healthy properties as cold-pressed oils. The raw material for producing such oils is purchased from a range of domestic and foreign sources. The aim of this work was to determine the effect of drying temperature on the peroxide value, acid value, fatty acid composition, tocopherol and phytosterol contents in the lipid fraction extracted from milk thistle seeds. The seeds were purchased in three different farms and were dried in a thin layer at 40°C, 60°C, 80°C, 100°C, 120°C, and 140°C. The level of phytosterols and the fatty acid composition were determined using GC-FID, while tocopherols concentrations were determined using HPLC. The study showed that the quality of seeds used in the production of oil varies. The drying of milk thistle seeds using air cooler than 80°C caused no statistically significant changes in AV, p-AnV, phytosterol levels, tocopherols, or SFA levels. Drying temperatures in the 100-140°C range caused significant losses of phytosterols and tocopherols and also resulted in changes in fatty acid composition. When seeds were dried at 140°C, phytosterol levels dropped by 19-23%, tocopherols by 10-23%, MUFA by 30%, and PUFA by 11%.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 91%

“…They also protect against breast, colon and lung cancers (Woyengo et al 2009 ; Awad et al 2007 ). β-Sitosterol is the most predominant in milk thistle oil, follow campesterol and stigmasterol (Harrabi et al 2016 ). Tocopherols (α-, β-, γ- and δ-tocopherols and tocotrienols) have vitamin E activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of drying temperature of milk thistle seeds on quality and bioactive compounds in the lipid fraction

et al. 2020

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“…The stronger antioxidant capacity of immature seed oil compared to mature seed oil may be due to the differences in their content and composition of unsaponifiable matter. In our previous study, we found that the amount of total unsaponifiable matter decreased during milk thistle seed maturation, while the total lipid content increased [ 29 ]. Additionally, Ramadan and Mörsel [ 42 ] reported a positive correlation between the radical scavenging activity of vegetable oils and their levels of unsaponifiables.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, certain Silybum marianum accessions have begun to be cultivated in several countries and the specie is undergoing domestication for making the supply of silymarin sustainable [ 28 ]. Previously published studies examined the triacylglycerol, fatty acid, tocopherol, sterol and polyhpenol composition of milk thistle seeds [ 10 , 26 , 29 – 32 ]. Significant differences were observed between milk thistle cultivars for the content of bioactive compounds [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Policosanol composition, antioxidant and anti-arthritic activities of milk thistle (Silybium marianum L.) oil at different seed maturity stages

et al. 2018

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BackgroundSeveral anti-arthritic drugs and synthetic antioxidants have wide pharmaceutical uses and are often associated with various side effects on the human health. Dietary seed oils and their minor components like policosanol may offer an effective alternative treatment for arthritic and oxidative-stress related diseases. The biological effects of seed oils were affected by different parameters such as the stage of seed maturity. Hence, this study seeks to determine the policosanol content, antioxidant and anti-arthritic activities of milk thistle (Silybium marianum L.) oil extracted at various stages of seed maturation.MethodsMilk thistle oil samples were extracted from seeds collected at three maturation stages (immature, intermediate, and mature). The 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethyl-benzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging assays were used to determine the antioxidant activity of the extracted oils. The anti-arthritic activity of oil samples was evaluated with bovine serum protein denaturation and egg albumin denaturation methods. Gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was employed to determine the policosanol profile.ResultsPolicosanol profile, antioxidant and anti-arthritic activities of milk thistle oil were influenced by the seed maturity stages. The oil extracted from the immature seeds had the highest total policosanol content (987.68 mg/kg of oil) and displayed the maximum antiradical activity (96.42% and 90.35% for DPPH test and ABTS assay, respectively). Nine aliphatic alcohols were identified in the milk thistle oil. The dominant poliosanol in the mature seed oil was octacosanol (75.44%), while triacontanol was the major compound (40.25%) in the immature seed oil. Additionally, the maximum inhibition of bovine serum protein denaturation (92.53%) and egg albumin denaturation (86.36%) were observed in immature seed oil as compared to mature seed oil. A high correlation was found between the total policosanol content, anti-arthritic activity and antioxidant capacity of oil.ConclusionsThe milk thistle oil exhibited a potential anti-arthritic and antioxidant activities and that it might contribute to the protection of humans from a variety of diseases like rheumatoid arthritis. Also, it could serve as natural antioxidant and anti-arthritic agents for application in the food industries and pharmaceutic. Policosanol level in the seed oils might contribute to their anti-arthritic and antioxidant activities.

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“…The obtained digitonides were filtered and washed with ethanol, and acetylation was performed (acetic acid anhydrous, with anhydrous sodium acetate, 2 h, 100 °C). Sterol acetates were crystallized from 50% ethanol (Jerzmanowska, 1967;Harrabi et al, 2016). Saponification of these mixtures yielded the free sterols which were identified by GC-MS.…”

Section: Extraction and Isolation Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lipophilic components and evaluation of the cytotoxic and antioxidant activities of <em>Impatiens glandulifera</em> Royle and <em>Impatiens noli – tangere</em> L. (Balsaminaceae)

et al. 2018

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The chemical composition of the lipophilic fractions of Impatiens glandulifera Royle and I. noli-tangere L. were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)., The study focused on the fatty acids, triterpenoids and sterols in the leaves, roots and seeds. Most of the identified compounds are new for these species. a-linolenic, oleic and palmitic acids were the most abundant in the fatty acid fractions, β-amyrin and 5a-lup-20(29)-en-3β-ol in the triterpenoid fractions, and β-sitosterol, spinasterol and chondrillasterol in the sterol fractions. The fatty acid and triterpenoid fractions showed strong antioxidant activity, similar to positive controls. Moreover, the triterpenoid fraction from I. noli-tangere seeds significantly inhibited HL-60 human leukemia cells. Other fractions showed moderate cytotoxicity. The present study suggests that I. glandulifera and I. noli-tangere are good source of omega-3 fatty acids, and they might be considered as antioxidant and chemopreventive agents.

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Changes in the sterol compositions of milk thistle oil (<em>Silybium marianum</em> L.) during seed maturation

Cited by 8 publications

References 36 publications

The effect of drying temperature of milk thistle seeds on quality and bioactive compounds in the lipid fraction

The effect of drying temperature of milk thistle seeds on quality and bioactive compounds in the lipid fraction

Policosanol composition, antioxidant and anti-arthritic activities of milk thistle (Silybium marianum L.) oil at different seed maturity stages

Lipophilic components and evaluation of the cytotoxic and antioxidant activities of <em>Impatiens glandulifera</em> Royle and <em>Impatiens noli – tangere</em> L. (Balsaminaceae)

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