Chapter 1 Peripheral Nerve Repair and Regeneration Research

Battiston, Bruno; Papalia, I.; Tos, Pierluigi; Geuna, Stefano

doi:10.1016/s0074-7742(09)87001-3

Cited by 57 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…This feed-forward mechanism leads to the secretion of mitogens to further trigger Schwann cell proliferation 79 . Macrophages, however, also secrete IL-1 receptor antagonist, which decreases regrowth of myelinated and unmyelinated axons when applied by an implantation tube in mice with transected sciatic nerves 80 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nerve Physiology

2013

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nerve Physiology

2013

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“…Greater detail of the molecular and cellular mechanisms of peripheral nerve regeneration can be found in literature [7][8][9]. Depending on the nature of the damage, the peripheral nerve may or may not be able to fully regenerate to a normal morphological and/or functional state [10]. The ability of the nerve to regenerate predominantly relies on how well the surrounding nerve structure (endo-, peri-, and epi-neurium) remains intact.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Significance of Clinical Treatments on Peripheral Nerve and its Effect on Nerve Regeneration

Hsu¹

2014

J Neurol Disord

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Some neurological disorders that cannot be managed with medication can alternatively be directly treated either at the sensory and/or motor nerve(s). In particular, chronic pain and/or muscle spasticity are a couple types of symptoms that can potentially be treated at the associated nerve. Various chemicals and medical devices are currently being employed in the clinic to treat peripheral nerves. Treatment of sensory nerves is typically used to attenuate chronic pain symptoms, while motor nerves are targeted for spasticity symptoms. A majority of treatment methods currently used in the field involve nerve injury and denervation of the target tissue through different mechanisms of action. Depending on the type and severity of the treatment, the nerve may or may not fully regenerate to a normal state. This article will review the various types of clinical methods used to treat neurological disorders and discuss the possible outcomes of nerve regeneration.

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“…Various types of medical therapy have been carried out for several hundred years with the intention of improving outcomes. 17 Following PNI, orchestrated communication among neurons, SCs and other types of cells as fibroblasts and macrophages are required for effective nerve repair. Greater understanding of communication between these cell types will not only give insight into peripheral nerve development but also the new opportunities to enhance peripheral nerve regeneration.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Rab8a/Rab11a regulate intercellular communications between neural cells via tunneling nanotubes

Zhu

Xue

et al. 2016

Cell Death Dis

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Tunneling nanotubes (TNTs) are F-actin-based membrane tubes, and can form between cultured cells and within vital tissues. TNTs mediate intercellular communications that range from electrical signaling to the transfer of organelles. Following peripheral nerve injury, the orchestrated intercellular communications among neural and non-neural cells are required for effective nerve regeneration. It remains unknown whether TNTs exist between neural cells in the peripheral nerve system and how TNTs affect neural regeneration. To address these interesting questions, we investigated the transfer of neurotropic factors, membrane protein, cytoplasmic protein, mitochondria and RNA in functional TNTs formed between cultured Schwann cells (SCs). TNT-like structures were increased not only in cultured SCs after exposure to serum depletion but also in longitudinal sections of proximal sciatic nerve stump harvested after rat peripheral nerve transection. Meanwhile, downregulation of Rab8a or Rab11a in cultured SCs inhibited the formation of functional TNTs and vesicle transfer and led to decrease in cell migration, increase in SCs apoptosis. Likewise, knockdown of Rab8a or Rab11a in primary SCs also suppressed axonal outgrowth from co-cultured dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. Overall, our results suggested that the gene of Rab8a or Rab11a might be involved in the formation of TNTs structures in the peripheral nerve system, while TNTs structures were likely to affect peripheral nerve regeneration through the regulation of neural cell communications.

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Chapter 1 Peripheral Nerve Repair and Regeneration Research

Cited by 57 publications

References 16 publications

Nerve Physiology

Nerve Physiology

Significance of Clinical Treatments on Peripheral Nerve and its Effect on Nerve Regeneration

Rab8a/Rab11a regulate intercellular communications between neural cells via tunneling nanotubes

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