Characteristics and Opportunistic Infections of AIDS Patients in East Java Province in 2018

Pribadi, Gracia Satyawestri; Cahyono, Ari

doi:10.20473/jbe.v9i12021.96-104

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The HIV case among women is increasing from time to time. Women are vulnerable and often face the risky condition of HIV transmission (12). The complexity of women's biological reproductive structure and also complicated socioeconomic factors altogether could be the reasons causing women to be infected by HIV (13).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictor of Anemia Among People Living With Hiv Taking Tenofovir+lamivudine+efavirenz Therapy in Jayapura, Papua

Adiningsih¹,

Kridaningsih²,

Widiyanti³

et al. 2023

JBE

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Background: The most common hematological abnormality among people infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) is anemia. This is also related to high mortality risk among patients receiving Antiretroviral Therapy (ART). Purpose: This study aimed to identify predictorsf anemia among HIV patients taking ART using a regimen of the single-tablet drug contain tenofovir, lamivudine, and efavirenz in Jayapura, Papua. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at Jayapura regional hospital from June to September 2017. A total of 80 HIV patients were eligible for analysis. Data collection was conducted through an interview, medical record, measurement, and laboratory assay. The significance of differences among categorical variables was analyzed using Fisher’s exact test. The variables with p < 0.25 were then analyzed using binary logistic regression to determine predictors associated with anemia. A threshold of p < 0.05 indicates statistical significance. Results: This study showed that Body Mass Index (BMI) <18.50 (p = 0.01; OR = 5.63; 95% CI = 1.43 < OR < 22.19), length onRT ≤12 months (p = 0.00; OR = 4.90; 95% CI = 1.65 < OR < 14.53), and Cluster of Differentiation 4 (CD4+) percentage out of normal (p = 0.02; OR = 0.19; 95% CI = 0.05 < OR <0.77) had a significant association with anemia. Conclusion: BMI, length on ART, and CD4+ percentage were predictors of anemia among HIV patients taking antiretroviral therapy contain tenofovir, lamivudine, efavirenz regimen in Jayapura.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictor of Anemia Among People Living With Hiv Taking Tenofovir+lamivudine+efavirenz Therapy in Jayapura, Papua

Adiningsih¹,

Kridaningsih²,

Widiyanti³

et al. 2023

JBE

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“…According to Pribadi (2022), an interfaith gathering program with several communities, such as Jogoboyo, Gusdurian, and Roemah Bhinneka, has been held annually since 2019 in the framework of conflict resolution. Meanwhile, Jayli (2022) argued that conflict resolution is carried out through the provision of education about nationalism through television broadcasts, as well as interfaith dialogue and religious moderation programs led by the Indonesian Ministry of Religion.…”

Section: Conflict Resolution Using a Religious Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

Local Wisdom Recognition in Inter-Ethnic Religious Conflict Resolution in Indonesia from Islah Perspective

Rasyid¹,

Lubis²,

Hutagalung³

et al. 2023

JURIS

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Indonesia is a culturally diverse country that consists of at least 1.340 tribes and ethnicities, which can potentially lead to the emergence of conflicts. This study aimed to identify the causes of conflict in society, patterns of local wisdom in conflict resolution, and patterns of conflict resolution in Surabaya and Bali from the perspective of islah. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and document studies. Data analysis was carried out in several stages, including data reduction, data display, and verification. The result of this research showed that economic disparities, a lack of understanding of religion, and unfair treatment were the root of inter-ethnic conflict in the two regions. Local wisdom was used by communities to resolve conflicts in their area, including using a religious approach of praying together, listening to preaching or lecture about moderate Islam, consulting traditional, religious, and government leaders, and applying a state approach of administrative data collection or KIPEM administration. In addition, the local community also used interfaith dialogue with former terrorists, Jancuk Terrorist campaign by Bonek, and Tat Twam Asi to resolve conflict. Those conflict resolutions exemplified the procedures and methods of islah in Islamic law which aimed at resolving inter-ethnic disputes that arose in these two regions.

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“…Providing viral suppression can eliminate most of the opportunistic factors [1,2]. However, opportunistic infections continue to be detected because HIV infections cannot be diagnosed, people are under severe immunodeficiency when positivity is detected, and permanent viral suppression cannot be achieved when diagnosed patients do not receive regular HIV care or ART [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution of Opportunistic Pathogens in People Living with HIV at a University Hospital in Istanbul over a One-Year Treatment Period and Its Association with CD4 T Cell Counts

Kirkoyun Uysal,

Koksal,

Sarsar

et al. 2023

Pathogens

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Among sexually transmitted diseases, HIV causes very serious clinical manifestations that can lead to death. As a result, millions of people have to live with this problem that threatens their health. The virus attacks the immune system of the host, especially CD4+ T lymphocytes, causing the suppression of the immune system. CD4, CD8 counts, and HIV RNA viral loads are monitored in HIV-infected patients with antiretroviral treatment, and CD4 counts play an important role in determining the effectiveness of the treatment. Despite the advances in treatment in the present day, opportunistic infections are the main cause of morbidity and mortality in these patients, and the evaluation of immunological parameters is valuable for the prognosis of the disease in this process. In the present study, the purpose was to investigate the opportunistic infections faced by naive HIV-positive patients who applied to our laboratory and were diagnosed between 2019 and 2022 during their one-year treatment period, and the correlation of the immunological parameters was also evaluated retrospectively using the hospital automation system and laboratory data. A total of 107 opportunistic causative microorganisms were identified in 87 of the 230 HIV-positive patients over one year. T. pallidum was detected in 43 (18.6%) of these patients, Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in 32 (13.9%), Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) in 9 (3.9%), Hepatitis B virus (HBV) in 10 (4.3%), C. albicans in 7 (3%), M. tuberculosis in 3 (1.3%), Hepatitis C virus (HCV) in 2 (0.8%), and C. glabrata in 1 (0.4%) patient. Although mono-agent co-infections were determined in 69 of 87 people living with HIV, two-agent co-infections were detected in 16 HIV patients, and three-agent co-infections were identified in two HIV patients. Considering the correlation between the CD4/CD8 ratio and infection positivity, a moderate negative correlation was determined with HIV RNA viral load and CMV infection. The CD4/CD8 ratio had a low negative correlation with EBV and C. albicans infections. It was also found that the follow-up of HIV RNA load in the diagnosis of T. pallidum, CMV, EBV, and C. albicans may be meaningful. Opportunistic infections mainly affect immunosuppressed patients and can be prevented with effective treatment. Although it is already known that HIV patients may face different infections during their treatment, it was concluded that more attention should be paid to T. pallidum, CMV, EBV, and C. albicans agents. These infections should be routinely monitored with HIV viral load and the CD4/CD8 ratio.

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Characteristics and Opportunistic Infections of AIDS Patients in East Java Province in 2018

Cited by 4 publications

References 19 publications

Predictor of Anemia Among People Living With Hiv Taking Tenofovir+lamivudine+efavirenz Therapy in Jayapura, Papua

Predictor of Anemia Among People Living With Hiv Taking Tenofovir+lamivudine+efavirenz Therapy in Jayapura, Papua

Local Wisdom Recognition in Inter-Ethnic Religious Conflict Resolution in Indonesia from Islah Perspective

Distribution of Opportunistic Pathogens in People Living with HIV at a University Hospital in Istanbul over a One-Year Treatment Period and Its Association with CD4 T Cell Counts

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