Characterization and Cell Culture of a Grafted Chitosan Scaffold for Tissue Engineering

Abstract

Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) was grafted to chitosan to form a porous scaffold. The PVA-g-chitosan 3D scaffold was then observed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The water absorbency of PVA-g-chitosan was increased 370% by grafting. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) observations of the material revealed that the 3D scaffold is highly porous when formed using a homogenizer at 300 rpm. Compression testing demonstrated that as the amount of chitosan increases, the strength of the 3D scaffold strength reached showed that, by increasing the amount of chitosan, the strength of the 3D scaffold could be increased to 16 × 10 −1 MPa. Over 35 days of enzymatic degradation, the 3D scaffold was degraded by various enzymes at rates of up to 10%. In vitro tests showed good cell proliferation and growth in the 3D scaffold.

The effect of hydroxyapatite addition on the mechanical properties of polyvinyl alcohol/chitosan biomaterials for bone scaffolds application

“…Considering the scaffold function, compression test was conducted in this study, and the result can be seen in Figure 3. The data obtained in this study is still below the standard bone properties, which is 5-9 GPa, meanwhile it shows higher number of modulus than previous study by MS Islam which provides PVA/chitosan with modulus of 4-7 MPa and WC Hsieh with modulus of 3.2 MPa [7,12,14]. In addition, the result clearly shows that compressive modulus of samples increases in PVA/Chitosan blends with higher percentage of HA.…”

“…Characteristic absorption bands of PVA occur in range of 2850 -2940 cm -1 and 1087 -1142 cm -1 shows the asymmetric stretching of CH2 and C=O from crystalline region of PVA, respectively. [7][8][9][10][11][12][13] wavenumber (cm -1…”

“…Study of PVA/Chitosan blends was firstly reported by M. Miya et al in 1984 and showed the intermolecular interactions that further increase the tensile strength of hydrogels [9]. For biomedical applications, some researches have demonstrated in vitro tests that indicate high degree of cell attachment and cell growth rate in addition of PVA to chitosan hydrogels [7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Recent advancement in PVA/Chitosan polymer blends as scaffold is by adding hydroxyapatite (HA) to improve pore structures, mechanical properties and regeneration of bone tissue.…”

Modification of Chitosan for the Generation of Functional Derivatives

“…Regarding the previous section, CS is a unique cationic biocompatible and biodegradable (see Section 5) polysaccharide that can be modified, as required, according to the needed end-use application. This is particularly true for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications ranging from drug delivery systems [164] to functional biomaterials [165], also considering tissue engineering [166], cell culturing [167], regenerative scaffolds [168], wound healing [169], smart hydrogels [170], active nanoparticles [171], anticoagulants [172], gene therapy [173], etc. (Figure 9).…”

Carboxymethyl Guar Gum Nanoscaffold as Matrix for Cell Growth In Vitro

“…The NIH3T3 cells are the most suitable cells for the migratory, wound healing and proliferation studies [29]. The fibroblasts have a tendency to attain a 3D morphology in a living system to communicate with their neighboring cells which is difficult when grown on a plate in 2D [30]. The CMGG scaffolds provide that 3D biomatrix to ensure the colonization in vitro.…”