Characterization and control of endophytic bacterial contaminants in in vitro cultures ofPiperspp.,Taxus baccatasubsp.wallichiana, andWithania somnifera

Abstract

Bacterial contamination is a serious problem that causes severe loss of in vitro grown cultures of a number of plants. This problem becomes even more acute if the bacterial contamination is of endophytic origin. In such cases, identification and characterization of the contaminants is essential for achieving specific control of the contaminants through selective use of antibiotic agents, especially if the routinely used contamination control methods practiced elsewhere in tissue culture studies are ineffective. Such is the case with the bacterial contamination observed in the present study. The five endophytic bacteria associated with Piper nigrum and Piper colubrinum, four endophytic bacteria associated with Taxus baccata subsp. wallichiana, two endophytic bacteria associated with Withania somnifera, and two bacteria common to all these plant species were isolated and characterized based on morphological and biochemical tests. Their taxonomic positions based on similarity indices were determined. A control strategy against these bacteria has been developed based on bacteriostatic or bactericidal actions of 12 antibiotics at three different concentrations by solid and liquid antibiogramme assays.

Screening of Endophyte Piper betle Bacteria from the Forests of HPPB University Andalas as Antibiotics Producer

“…Exploration of betel endophytic microbes in the north-eastern part of the Indian state, found Muscodor albus which is a beta endophytic betel Piper nigrum that has strong antibiotic activity (Banerjee et al, 2014). Endophytic bacteria from betel P. colubrinum and P. nigrum are also antibiotic producers (Kulkarni et al, 2007). Fourteen green betelitic endophytic bacteria or P. betle live in Bogor district with the highest number of isolates from leaf organs with one potentially antibiotic-producing BS1 (Pseudomonas sp.)…”

Studi Embriogenesis Klon-klon Vanda Hasil Persilangan Vanda tricolor x [(Vanda Patao x Vanda Jenny Hashimoto) x Ascocenda Peggy Foo] secara In Vitro

“…Inkubasi terang dilakukan pada 12 fotoperiode pada suhu yang sama di bawah lampu fluoresen dengan intensitas [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25] …”

<b>Biochemical characterization of systemic bacteria in bananas, sensitivity to antibiotics and plant phytotoxicity during shoot proliferation

“…One alternative for the reduction of contamination problems is the application of curative treatments, and several experiments using antimicrobial substances to complement the action of disinfectants, thereby improving the efficiency during disinfection of the material, have been published (Kulkarni, Kelkar, Watve, & Krishnamurthy, 2007;Mbah & Wakil, 2012;Msogoya, Kanyagha, Mutigitu, & Mamiro, 2012). However, the success of efforts to control microorganisms using substances, in particular those intended for controlling bacteria, the main sources of contamination during large-scale micropropagation, depends on the isolation, identification, and testing of the sensitivity of the bacteria to antibiotics.…”