Characterization of a novel calcium phosphate composite bone cement: Flow, setting, and aging properties

Abstract

The flow, setting, and aging characteristics of a newly developed calcium phosphate/calcium aluminate composite orthopaedic cement were studied. The effect of vibration on the flow of the cement paste was studied and found to greatly enhance placement. The setting times of this cement were dependent on temperature and decreased with increasing temperatures. At 37 degrees C, the working and setting times were 6.3 +/- 0.3 and 12.8 +/- 0.4 minutes, respectively. Hydration and conversion of the cement phases continued while specimens were stored under simulated, physiological conditions. A cumulative increase in mass of 8.23 +/- 0.65% was observed over a 14 month test period. During this time, the cement was found to expand slightly, 0.71 +/- 0.39%. X-ray diffraction was used to characterize the crystalline phases present during hydration and conversion. The calcium aluminate in the cement hydrated and formed calcium aluminate chloride hydrates, while no changes were observed in the beta-tricalcium phosphate during the testing period.

Self-Setting Calcium Orthophosphate Formulations: Cements, Concretes, Pastes and Putties

“…The list of possible additives includes (but is not limited to) the following cations: Na [29]. Therefore, mixed-type self-setting formulations consisting of calcium orthophosphates and other calcium salts (e.g., calcium sulfates [38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47], calcium pyrophosphate [48][49][50], calcium polyphosphates [51,52], calcium carbonates [33,[53][54][55], calcium oxide [56][57][58][59][60][61], calcium hydroxide [62][63][64], calcium aluminate [26,65,66], calcium silicates [67][68][69][70][71], etc. ), strontium orthophosphate [72][73][74], magnesium orthophosphate [74][75][76][77][78], magnesium oxide [79], Zn-containing compounds [80], as well as cements ...…”

Effects of an Experimental Calcium Aluminosilicate Cement on the Viability of Murine Odontoblast-like Cells

“…The hydraulic calcium phases typically contain 30% to 50% alumina, whereas Portland cements contain less than 5%. Calcium aluminate cements have been developed for use as bone cements (8,9); they have strengths higher than 100 MPa, pullout strengths equal to polymethyl methacrylate bone cement, and formed calcium alumina chlorohydrate phases. In dentistry, this type of cement has been formulated into dentin replacement restorative materials (DoxaDent; Doxa AB, Uppsala, Sweden) (10)(11)(12)(13) and more recently as a bioactive, hybrid-glass-ionomer dental luting cement (Ceramir C&B, Doxa AB) (14)(15)(16)(17).…”

Calcium aluminate cement-based compositions for biomaterial applications

“…Hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate are the most common compounds of this category [17]. As reported by Roemhildt et al [18], cement-based compositions (presenting high mechanical strength) comprising a blend of calcium phosphatesþcalcium aluminate have been developed for bone and joint repair. In this case, calcium phosphate improves the biological activity of the material, whereas calcium aluminate is responsible for increasing the mechanical strength of this composite.…”