Characterization of commercially available products of aronia according to their metal content

Abstract

-Introduction.Among different fruit species, aronia have attracted a great attention because of its wide range of protective effects with potential benefits for human health. Furthermore, the consumption of products of aronia (juice, tea, berries) is becoming a part of a healthy lifestyle. Materials and Methods. The multi-element characterization of products of aronia has been carried out using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Results and Discussion. Among the major elements, the most abundant are K, Ca and P, followed by the Mg and Na. Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Bi and Si are the most abundant among the microelements. In terms of heavy metals (As, Cd, Pb), it can be concluded that the concentrations of them are below permissible levels (PLs) prescribed by national legislation in all samples. The chemometric techniques of principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) were used to differentiation of products aronia according to their metal content. The application of PCA and CA was resulted in two clusters with similarities in the mineral composition. The first cluster includes tea bag samples (T1-T6). The second cluster includes berries (B1, B2), juices (J1-J4) and leaves (L). Conclusion. Data obtained in this study showed that analyzed products are potentially a rich source of some dietary metals such are K, Ca, P, Mg, Na, Fe and Zn. Obtained results could be also used as selection criteria for further use of products of aronia as a part of conventional diet.

Phenolic Composition, Mineral Content, and Beneficial Bioactivities of Leaf Extracts from Black Currant (Ribes nigrum L.), Raspberry (Rubus idaeus), and Aronia (Aronia melanocarpa)

“…Among the micronutrients, the main micronutrient was Fe, followed by Zn, Mn, and Cu. Other authors [35] who analyzed the chemical composition of aronia leaves showed lower content of macronutrients but higher content of Fe and Zn than those reported by Cvetkowic et al [2]. The differences in the element concentrations in leaves were explained by the differences in the composition of soil and climatic conditions in which the plants were grown.…”

“…High intake of K, Mg, and Ca has been linked to reduced risk of stroke, hypertension, and osteoporosis [33]. Iron and other micro minerals are an essential part of many compounds in the oxygen transport and storage system and function as cofactors for enzymes [33][34][35]. Micronutrient Mo is a structural component of xanthine oxidase and xanthine dehydrogenase, which are crucial for urea synthesis [2].…”

Black Chokeberry Aronia Melanocarpa L.—A Qualitative Composition, Phenolic Profile and Antioxidant Potential

“…Chokeberries also contain macroelements (K, Ca, P, Mg and Na), essential trace elements (Zn, Fe, Se, Cu, Mo, Cr), trace elements that are probably essential (Mn, Si, Ni, B, V) and toxic elements (Pb, Cd, Hg, As). Chokeberry fruit and products are potentially rich sources of K, Ca, P, Mg, Na, Fe and Zn [14,25,29]. Table 1 shows detailed data on the composition of chokeberry fruit and products.…”

Chokeberry (A. melanocarpa (Michx.) Elliott)—A Natural Product for Metabolic Disorders?

“…The consumption of anthocyanins, apart from their antioxidant activity, may be associated with an increase in endothelial nitric oxide and a reduction in the production of vasoconstrictor molecules, for example, angiotensin II, endothelins, and thromboxanes [115]. In addition to providing polyphenols, chokeberry is also a source of essential potassium [116]. In people with metabolic syndrome, a decrease in systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) pressure have been reported after intervention with chokeberry extract [71,75,77].…”