Characterization of mutagenic activity in cooked-grain-food products

The effect of using different types and rates of onion‐water extract in meatball production on the formation of heterocyclic aromatic amines

“…LOQ values (in ng g −1 ) were as follows: IQx, 0.013; IQ, 0.029; MeIQx, 0.081; MeIQ, 0.047; 7,8‐DiMeIQx, 0.018; 4,8‐DiMeIQx, 0.025; PhIP, 0.085; AαC, 0.039; MeAαC, 0.035. These values were comparable to those of the literature …”

Analytical methods applied to the determination of heterocyclic aromatic amines in foods

“…In some cases, this additional step in method A is carried out using a Fractogel TSK CM column, a weak cation-exchange gel [8,9,66,68,69,80,81,85] or a Nucleosil column [95].…”

“…Some methods are based on the HAAs extraction by sample alkalinisation and subsequent extraction with kieselgur [109] or with diatomaceous earth (Extrelut-20) [1,5,8,9,11,41,45,[53][54][55][56]66,67,[69][70][71][72][73][74][77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92][93][94][95][96][98][99][100][101][102][103][104][105][106][107][108]…”

“…They are also present in cooking fumes [7,8], several foods [9,10], coffee [11], alcohol beverages [10,12], and from environmental sources, such as cigarette smoke [13][14][15][16][17], air [13], river and rainwater [18,19]. Also, some HAAs have been detected in human tissues [20], hair [21] and in biological fluids, such as plasma, urine or bile [3,[22][23][24][25][26][27], as well as in milk of healthy women [28,29].…”

Determination of mutagenic amines in water and food samples by high pressure liquid chromatography with amperometric detection using a multiwall carbon nanotubes-glassy carbon electrode

“…These HAAs have been isolated from proteinaceous foods including cooked meats and fish, meat extracts or process flavours. They are also present in cooking fumes (Yen & Hsieh, 1994), several foods (Knize, Kunningham, Griffin, Jones, & Felton, 1994) coffee (Casal, Mendes, Fernandes, Oliveira, & Ferreira, 2004), alcohol beverages (Richling, Decker, Haring, Herderich, & Schraier, 1997), and from environmental sources, such as cigarette smoke (Manabe et al, 1993), air (Manabe et al, 1993), river and rain water (Wu, Wong, Lee, & Ong, 1995). Also, some HAAs have been detected in human tissues (Prabhu et al, 2001), hair (Hegstag et al, 2000), and in biological fluids, such as plasma, urine o bile (Friesen, Garren, Bereziat, Kadlubar, & Lin, 1993), as well as in milk of healthy women (DeBruin, Martos, & Josephy, 2001).…”