Characterization of the Force Production Capabilities of Paralyzed Trunk Muscles Activated With Functional Neuromuscular Stimulation in Individuals With Spinal Cord Injury

Friederich, Aidan R. W.; Audu, Musa L.; Triolo, Ronald J.

doi:10.1109/tbme.2020.3039404

Cited by 6 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Trunk instability is a major concern for people with SCI (Milosevic et al 2015a ). Particularly, lesions in the cervical to the thoracic region can paralyze trunk muscles, leading to a partial or complete loss of trunk stability (Friederich et al 2020 ). Such impairments adversely affect an individual’s ability to carry out everyday activities (Patel et al 2017 ), including bed movements, unsupported sitting, and self-care duties (Triolo et al 2009 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuromodulation for recovery of trunk and sitting functions following spinal cord injury: a comprehensive review of the literature

2023

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Trunk stability is crucial for people with trunk paralysis resulting from spinal cord injuries (SCI), as it plays a significant role in performing daily life activities and preventing from fall-related accidents. Traditional therapy used assistive methods or seating modifications to provide passive assistance while restricting their daily functionality. The recent emergence of neuromodulation techniques has been reported as an alternative therapy that could improve trunk and sitting functions following SCI. The aim of this review was to provide a broad perspective on the existing studies using neuromodulation techniques and identify their potentials in terms of trunk recovery for people with SCI. Five databases were searched (PubMed, Embase, Science Direct, Medline-Ovid, and Web of Science) from inception to December 31, 2022 to identify relevant studies. A total of 21 studies, involving 117 participants with SCI, were included in this review. According to these studies, neuromodulation significantly improved the reaching ability, restored trunk stability and seated posture, increased sitting balance, as well as elevated activity of trunk and back muscles, which were considered early predictors of trunk recovery after SCI. However, there is limited evidence regarding neuromodulation techniques on the improvement of trunk and sitting functions. Therefore, future large-scale randomized controlled trials are warranted to validate these preliminary findings.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuromodulation for recovery of trunk and sitting functions following spinal cord injury: a comprehensive review of the literature

2023

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“…The prediction of the joint torque output should generalize better over different arm postures, which is an aspect worth investigating in future work. Looking at possible implementations using such a regression machine in order to control a FES setup, the results reported in the works by Schearer et al [12] and Friedrich et al [28] can be helpful, mainly because of their finding that muscle stimulation can be modelled as combining linearly in the force output space. As demonstrated in [27], this fact can be employed to design ridge regression-based FES controllers which can facilitate movement with a time-effective calibration procedure, once the electrodes are in place.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Omnidirectional endpoint force control through functional electrical stimulation

Sierotowicz,

Castellini

2023

Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express

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Objective: in recent years, Functional Electrical Stimulation has found many applications both within and outside the medical field. However, most available wearable FES devices are not easily adaptable to different users, and most setups rely on task-specific control schemes. Approach: in this article, we present a peripheral stimulation prototype featuring a compressive jacket which allows to easily modify the electrode arrangement to better fit any body frame. Coupled with a suitable control system, this device can induce the output of arbitrary forces at the end-effector, which is the basis to facilitate universal, task-independent impedance control of the human limbs. Here, the device is validated by having it provide stimulation currents that should induce a desired force output. The forces exerted by the user as a result of stimulation are measured through a 6-axis force-torque sensor, and compared to the desired forces. Furthermore, here we present the offline analysis of a regression algorithm, trained on the data acquired during the aforementioned validation, which is able to reliably predict the force output based on the stimulation currents. Main results: open-loop control of the output force is possible with correlation coefficients between commanded and measured force output direction up to 0.88. A twitch-based calibration procedure shows significant reduction of the RMS error in the online control. The regression algorithm trained offline is able to predict the force output given the injected stimulation with correlations up to 0.94, and average normalized errors of 0.12 RMS. Significance: A reliable force output control through FES is the first basis towards higher-level FES force controls. This could eventually provide full, general-purpose control of the human neuromuscular system, which would allow to induce any desired movement in the peri-personal space in individuals affected by e.g. spinal cord injury.

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“…Disadaptation of the neuromuscular system occurs as a consequence of a rapid decrease in the level of motor activity. The main factors are sudden changes in the level of external stimuli influence or pathological changes in the body [4]. These changes in a person's life lead to a state of hypokinesia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the available literature, there are various directions of using exercises in kinesiotherapy to solve problems with the musculoskeletal system [3,4,7,11]. However, practicing only various exercises with standard load parameters may not always correspond to the body resistance level and contribute to readaptation processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinesiological models of the neuromuscular system readaptation in mature women after prolonged hypokinesia

Чернозуб

Manolachi

Potop

et al. 2023

HSR

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Purpose To study the peculiarities of adaptive and compensatory reactions in mature women after prolonged hypokinesia using various kinesiological models of the neuromuscular system readaptation. Material and methods 52 women of mature age (39-46 years) after long-term (6-7 years) hypokinesia took part in the study. Group A used a kinesiological model based on free weight exercises with changes in kinematic and dynamic characteristics. Group B used a model based on machine exercises. The following methods were used to monitor adaptation processes: bioelectrical impedance analysis, anthropometry, testing of strength capabilities, biochemical blood analysis (cortisol and creatinine concentration). Results The dynamics of the studied indicators differed significantly between the groups using the proposed kinesiological models for 12 weeks. Thus, the fat-free and body cell mass indicators were 5 times higher in group A women compared to group B participants. The body fat mass decreased by 5 times in group A participants. The circumference measurements reduced in all participants, but in group A the rate of change was 1.8 times faster. The level of strength growth was almost the same in all study participants; it fluctuated within 10-25% compared to the initial data. The cortisol concentration in the blood serum increased only in group B during all stages of control. At the end of the research, the cortisol level did not change in response to stress in the women of group A, which indicates increasing of their resistance level. The basal level of creatinine grew by 4% in group A women after 12 weeks of training, but it did not change in group B participants. These changes indicate an accelerated growth of muscle mass in group A women. Conclusions Pronounced adaptive changes occurred in women of mature age after prolonged hypokinesia in case of using the kinesiological model of the neuromuscular system readaptation with free weight exercises. Applying this model helps to increase the functional capabilities of the body, to strengthen the level of resistance to a stress stimulus, and to improve the morphometric parameters of the body.

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Characterization of the Force Production Capabilities of Paralyzed Trunk Muscles Activated With Functional Neuromuscular Stimulation in Individuals With Spinal Cord Injury

Cited by 6 publications

References 58 publications

Neuromodulation for recovery of trunk and sitting functions following spinal cord injury: a comprehensive review of the literature

Neuromodulation for recovery of trunk and sitting functions following spinal cord injury: a comprehensive review of the literature

Omnidirectional endpoint force control through functional electrical stimulation

Kinesiological models of the neuromuscular system readaptation in mature women after prolonged hypokinesia

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