Characterization of the predominant bacteria occurring in the rumen of goats (Capra hircus)

DNA and extracellular polysaccharide (EPS) analyses were performed on 14 strains of Bacteroides ruminicola. The guanine-plus-cytosine (G+C) base contents, determined from the buoyant densities of chromosomal DNAs, showed a broad range of values, from 37.6 to 50.9 mol%. DNA hybridization showed generally low DNA relatedness among the strains. Seven strains formed two groups of closely related bacteria consisting of five (group 1) and two (group 2) strains, and another strain, E42g, showed moderate relatedness to group 1 strains. However, the remaining six strains were not related to any of the other strains. DNA reassociation indicates that the strains constitute a genetically diverse group representing as many as nine separate species. EPS analysis showed that the strains produced EPS with rather uniform sugar compositions, which did not correlate with strain relationships determined by DNA analysis. Four strains had EPS with acidic sugars or unknown compounds. The EPS of strain 20-63 contained the unusual acidic sugar 4-O-(1carboxyethyl)-rhamnose. This monosaccharide has been shown to occur in nature in only one other bacterial species.

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Taxonomic relationships among strains of the anaerobic bacterium Bacteroides ruminicola determined by DNA and extracellular polysaccharide analysis

Mannarelli

Ericsson

Lee

et al. 1991

“…Seven strains were identified as Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, and nine were identified as R. flavefaciens. The genus Butyrivibrio occurs widely in nature, and members of this genus have been isolated from the rumina of cattle (10,11), sheep (32), Zebu cattle (26), reindeer (12), and goats (14). More recently, Butyrivibrio isolates have been found in the ceca of sheep (25,28) and pigs (29).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…0% cracked corn-100% Ileum 5.5 (15.69)d 96.8 (3.35) 2.3 (1.83) 0.8 (2.69) 0.1 (0.72) 0 (0.62) 0.1 (0.73) 7.79 (0. 14) orchardgrass Cecum 88.1 (15.69) 82.7 (3.35) 10.9 (1.83) 3.6 (2.69) 0.7 (0.72) 1.5 (0.62) 0.7 (0.73) 6.98 (0.14) Rectum 44.2 (15.69) 84.8 (3.35) 10.2 (1.83) 2.3 (2.69) 1.0 (0.72) 0.8 (0.62) 0.9 (0.73) 6.98 (0. 14) 60% cracked corn-40% Ileum 10.5 (12.81) 96.6 (2.74) 0.9 (1.49) 2.2 (2.20) 0.2 (0.59) 0 (0.51) 0 (0.59) 7.75 (0.14) orchardgrass Cecum 160.8 (12.81) 71.0 (2.74) 9.6 (1.49) 17.1 (2.20) 0.5 (0.59) 1.5 (0.51) 2.7 (0.59) 5.97 (0.14) Rectum 79.7 (12.81) 79.0 (2.74) 12.1 (1.49) 4.5 (2.20) 0.8 (0.59) 3.1 (0.51) 0.6 (0.59) 6.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbiology and ration digestibility in the hindgut of the ovine

Lewis¹,

Dehority²

1985

Self Cite

Contents of the terminal ilea, ceca-proximal colons, and terminal recta were obtained from nine sheep, three of which were fed 100% orchardgrass hay, three of which were fed 60% cracked corn-40% orchardgrass hay, and three of which were fed 80% cracked corn-20% orchardgrass hay. The digestibility of dry matter in the ceca was greatest when the all-hay diet was fed, whereas the percentage of cellulose digestion in the ceca increased with increasing levels of concentrate. For all diets, the total volatile fatty acid concentrations were higher in the ceca than in the other two sites. The cecal pH levels decreased with increased corn levels in the diet. The total microbial numbers per gram of ileal and cecal contents increased in response to feeding of concentrate; however, across all diets, the ileal counts were 8% or less of the cecal counts. In contrast, the cellulolytic microbial numbers in the ilea were 50% or more of those in the ceca and were highest with the all-hay diet. Both bacterial and end product concentrations in the ceca were equivalent to those occurring in rumina. A total of 16 cellulolytic cultures were isolated and characterized from ileal and cecal contents of animals fed all three diets. Seven gram-negative-rod-shaped organisms were identified as Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, whose capacity to digest cellulose exceeded that of several rumen strains. The guanine-pluscytosine content of the DNA of one strain of B. fibrisolvens was 38.8 mol%, compared with the only previously reported value for this species of 41.2 mol%. Nine cocci were identified as Ruminococcusflavefaciens. All of the cellulolytic organisms isolated from ileal and cecal contents appear to be closely related to rumen strains of these species.

“…B. fibrisolvens is ubiquitous in the gastrointestinal tracts of mammals (2). In the rumen, B. fibrisolvens is one of the most common bacteria in animals fed widely different diets (3,10). Five strains of B. fibrisolvens were used in this study.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilization of Glucose and Xylose in Ruminal Strains of Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens

Marounek

Kopečný

1994

The dual-substrate utilization pattern in cultures of five ruminal strains of Butyrivibriofibrisolvens growing on glucose and xylose was investigated. Strains ATCC 19171 and 86 utilized glucose and xylose simultaneously. Other strains exhibited diauxic growth. Strains Xl and CE 51 exhibited classical diauxic growth in which glucose was utilized during the first phase. Strain X2D62 displayed atypical diauxic growth in which slow utilization of xylose was followed by rapid utilization of glucose after the xylose depletion. The ATP-dependent phosphorylation of glucose was found in all strains tested. The phosphoenolpyruvate-dependent phosphorylation of glucose was detected only in B. fibrisolvens CE 51.