Cholecystokinin-A Receptors Are Involved in Food Intake Suppression in Rats after Intake of all Fats and Carbohydrates Tested

Bellissimo, Nick; Anderson, G. Harvey

doi:10.1093/jn/133.7.2319

Cited by 18 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…CCK is known to suppress carbohydrate intake via the CCK-A receptor [36]. In both, preclinical and clinical studies, CCK decreased food intake by reducing meal size and duration [37], [38].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of High Sugar Intake on Glucose Transporter and Weight Regulating Hormones in Mice and Humans

et al. 2014

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ObjectiveSugar consumption has increased dramatically over the last decades in Western societies. Especially the intake of sugar-sweetened beverages seems to be a major risk for the development of obesity. Thus, we compared liquid versus solid high-sugar diets with regard to dietary intake, intestinal uptake and metabolic parameters in mice and partly in humans.MethodsFive iso-caloric diets, enriched with liquid (in water 30% vol/vol) or solid (in diet 65% g/g) fructose or sucrose or a control diet were fed for eight weeks to C57bl/6 mice. Sugar, liquid and caloric intake, small intestinal sugar transporters (GLUT2/5) and weight regulating hormone mRNA expression, as well as hepatic fat accumulation were measured. In obese versus lean humans that underwent either bariatric surgery or small bowel resection, we analyzed small intestinal GLUT2, GLUT5, and cholecystokinin expression.ResultsIn mice, the liquid high-sucrose diet caused an enhancement of total caloric intake compared to the solid high-sucrose diet and the control diet. In addition, the liquid high-sucrose diet increased expression of GLUT2, GLUT5, and cholecystokinin expression in the ileum (P<0.001). Enhanced liver triglyceride accumulation was observed in mice being fed the liquid high-sucrose or -fructose, and the solid high-sucrose diet compared to controls. In obese, GLUT2 and GLUT5 mRNA expression was enhanced in comparison to lean individuals.ConclusionsWe show that the form of sugar intake (liquid versus solid) is presumably more important than the type of sugar, with regard to feeding behavior, intestinal sugar uptake and liver fat accumulation in mice. Interestingly, in obese individuals, an intestinal sugar transporter modulation also occurred when compared to lean individuals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of High Sugar Intake on Glucose Transporter and Weight Regulating Hormones in Mice and Humans

et al. 2014

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“…Elevations in CCK levels in the small intestines of obese humans have been detected, and it has been suggested that this may be an adaptative response to CCK-receptor resistance [66,67]. CCK is known to suppress carbohydrate intake and reduce food intake via the CCK-A receptor [68]. Our finding suggests that the gut compensates for reduced CCK signalling by increasing cck gene expression, either via changes in transcription or I cell number.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Chronic Effects of a High Sucrose Diet on Murine Gastrointestinal Nutrient Sensor Gene and Protein Expression Levels and Lipid Metabolism

O’Brien

Han

Ganpathy

et al. 2020

IJMS

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The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) plays a key role in regulating nutrient metabolism and appetite responses. This study aimed to identify changes in the GIT that are important in the development of diet related obesity and diabetes. GIT samples were obtained from C57BL/6J male mice chronically fed a control diet or a high sucrose diet (HSD) and analysed for changes in gene, protein and metabolite levels. In HSD mice, GIT expression levels of fat oxidation genes were reduced, and increased de novo lipogenesis was evident in ileum. Gene expression levels of the putative sugar sensor, slc5a4a and slc5a4b, and fat sensor, cd36, were downregulated in the small intestines of HSD mice. In HSD mice, there was also evidence of bacterial overgrowth and a lipopolysaccharide activated inflammatory pathway involving inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). In Caco-2 cells, sucrose significantly increased the expression levels of the nos2, iNOS and nitric oxide (NO) gas levels. In conclusion, sucrose fed induced obesity/diabetes is associated with changes in GI macronutrient sensing, appetite regulation and nutrient metabolism and intestinal microflora. These may be important drivers, and thus therapeutic targets, of diet-related metabolic disease.

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“…However, other studies do not agree with this, as Bellisimo and Anderson reported that meal reduction by preloads also of fat and carbohydrates was reversed by a CCK-A receptor antagonist in male Wistar rats [366]. Also, duodenal preloads of protein, carbohydrates and fat all suppressed meal size significantly better in Long-Evans Tokushima control rats, than in OLEF rats [367].…”

Section: Cholecystokininmentioning

confidence: 91%

Macronutrients and obesity: views, news and reviews

Madsen¹,

Liaset²,

Kristiansen³

2008

Future Lipidology

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Profound changes in macronutrient composition of food have taken place since the agricultural revolution, leading to a higher dietary intake of carbohydrates at the expense of protein, and a dramatically increased intake of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) at the expense of n-3 PUFAs. This review focuses on how macronutrients impact on molecular processes central to appetite regulation and energy homeostasis. We discuss the effects on transcription factors, implicated as key players in adipocyte differentiation and function, including PPARs, sterol regulatory element binding proteins and liver X receptors. Furthermore, as energy homeostasis is to a large extent orchestrated by the gut-brain axis, we discuss key hormones involved in the regulation of energy balance and appetite.

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Cholecystokinin-A Receptors Are Involved in Food Intake Suppression in Rats after Intake of all Fats and Carbohydrates Tested

Cited by 18 publications

References 24 publications

Effect of High Sugar Intake on Glucose Transporter and Weight Regulating Hormones in Mice and Humans

Effect of High Sugar Intake on Glucose Transporter and Weight Regulating Hormones in Mice and Humans

Chronic Effects of a High Sucrose Diet on Murine Gastrointestinal Nutrient Sensor Gene and Protein Expression Levels and Lipid Metabolism

Macronutrients and obesity: views, news and reviews

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