Clinical and experimental study on the long-term effect of dietary gamma-linolenic acid on plasma lipids, platelet aggregation, thromboxane formation, and prostacyclin production

Guivernau, Mauricio; Meza, Nelson Hernández; Barja, P; Román, O

doi:10.1016/0952-3278(94)90002-7

Cited by 54 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…This study is consistent with most others in the EPO field showing strong lipid lowering in hyperlipidemic individuals. Also consistent in that regard is the study of Guiverneau et al [53] feeding 240 mg/day of GLA in the form of EPO. Guiverneau et al [53] observed a significant decrease in plasma triglycerides, total and LDLc and a rise in HDLc in hyperlipidemic men.…”

Section: Plasma Lipid Profilessupporting

confidence: 64%

“…Interestingly, only the rise in platelet PL-DGLA in the hyper-aggregants was significant. Guiverneau et al [53] feeding 240 mg/day of GLA in the form of EPO observed a significant decrease in ADP and epinephrine-induced platelet aggregation in hyperlipidemic men. Hyperlipidemia is known to enhance platelet reactivity and so perhaps these individuals were like the hyper-aggregants in the study of Darcet et al [52].…”

Section: Platelet Aggregationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Potential of Evening Primrose, Borage, Black Currant, and Fungal Oils in Human Health

Barre¹

2001

Ann Nutr Metab

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Section: Plasma Lipid Profilessupporting

confidence: 64%

Section: Platelet Aggregationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of Evening Primrose, Borage, Black Currant, and Fungal Oils in Human Health

Barre¹

2001

Ann Nutr Metab

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“…31 ␥-Linolenic acid has been shown to decrease serum thromboxane B 2 and enhance vascular production of prostacyclin. 13,14 It is thus possible that the observed lower prevalence of CAC in subjects consuming higher amounts of dietary total linolenic acid might be mediated through inhibition of inflammation. However, contrary to this hypothesis is the lack of an association between dietary ALA and inflammatory markers in healthy men and women in one study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[7][8][9][10] ␥-Linolenic acid has been shown to lower blood pressure 11,12 and triglycerides, raise HDL, decrease platelet aggregation and serum thromboxane B 2 , and enhance vascular production of prostacyclin. [13][14][15] It is not known whether total linolenic acid (ALA plus ␥-linolenic acid) influences the rate of atherosclerosis progression or is associated with subclinical atherosclerosis as measured by cardiac CT. Previous studies have indicated that ALA might inhibit cytokine production (interleukin-1␤ and tumor necrosis factor-␣) 16 and therefore slow the progression of atherosclerosis.…”

Section: See P 2872mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Linolenic Acid Is Inversely Associated With Calcified Atherosclerotic Plaque in the Coronary Arteries

et al. 2005

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Background-High dietary intake of linolenic acid is associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular disease mortality.However, little is known about the association between linolenic acid and subclinical atherosclerosis. Methods and Results-To examine the association between dietary linolenic acid measured by food frequency questionnaire and calcified atherosclerotic plaque in the coronary arteries (CAC) measured by cardiac CT, we studied 2004 white participants of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Family Heart Study aged 32 to 93 years. The presence of CAC was defined on the basis of total CAC score of Ն100. We used generalized estimating equations to estimate odds ratios for the presence of CAC across quintiles of linolenic acid.

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“…In several studies, human diets were supplemented with GLA at doses from 1 to 5 g/day for periods of one to six months, leading to increased accumulation of GLA and dihomo--linolenic acid (DGLA) in plasma and blood cell lipids (Barre and Holub, 1992;Leventhal et al, 1993;Guivernau et al, 1994;Zurier et al, 1996;Kenny et al, 2000;Middleton et al, 2002;Fewtrell et al, 2004;Miles et al, 2004a;Stoney et al, 2004;Kalantar-Zadeh et al, 2005), in general without significant increases in arachidonic acid. These doses have been well tolerated and no serious adverse effects were reported.…”

Section: Human Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scientific Opinion on application (EFSA‐GMO‐UK‐2009‐76) for the placing on the market of soybean MON 87769 genetically modified to contain stearidonic acid, for food and feed uses, import and processing under Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 from Monsanto

Panel¹

2014

EFS2

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Soybean MON 87769 was developed using Agrobacterium tumefaciens transformation and was intended to modify the lipid profile of the extracted oil. Soybean MON 87769 contains a single insert consisting of the Pj.D6D gene encoding the Δ6 desaturase protein from Primula juliae and the Nc.Fad3 gene encoding the Δ15 desaturase protein from Neurospora crassa, both involved in the desaturation of endogenous fatty acids into stearidonic acid. The molecular characterisation of soybean MON 87769 does not raise safety issues. Soybean MON 87769 differs from the conventional counterpart in its fatty acid profile. The safety assessment of the newly expressed desaturases identified no concerns regarding potential toxicity and allergenicity. Nutritional assessment of soybean MON 87769 and derived food products did not identify concerns about human health and nutrition. Consumption of MON 87769 soybean oil replacing other oils in food is not expected to result in adverse effects from increased SDA intake as shown in different exposure scenarios. There are no indications of an increased likelihood of establishment and spread of feral soybean plants. Considering the scope of the application, potential interactions of soybean MON 87769 with the biotic and abiotic environment were not considered a relevant issue. Environmental risks associated with a theoretically possible horizontal gene transfer from soybean MON 87769 to bacteria have not been identified. The post-market environmental monitoring plan and reporting intervals are in line with the intended uses of soybean MON 87769. Since the use of oil derived from the soybean MON 87769 will result in a higher intake of SDA, a post-market monitoring plan is recommended to confirm the exposure assessment using realistic consumption data for the European population. Since the use of oil derived from the soybean MON 87769 will result in a higher intake of SDA, a post-market monitoring plan is recommended to confirm the exposure assessment using realistic consumption data for the European population. A comparative analysis of soybean MON 87769 identified no phenotypic or agronomic differences with respect to its conventional counterpart (soybean A3525) and to non-GM soybean reference varieties. However, it confirmed that the composition of soybean MON 87769 differs from that of the conventional counterpart and non-GM soybean reference varieties. The newly expressed desaturases in soybean MON 87769 seeds resulted in an alteration of the fatty acid profile, leading to the appearance of four new fatty acids (stearidonic acid (SDA), -linolenic acid and two trans-fatty acids) and a reduction in linoleic acid (LA). The safety assessment identified no concerns regarding the potential toxicity and allergenicity of the newly introduced desaturase proteins. There are no indications that the genetic modification might change the overall allergenicity of soybean MON 87769 when compared with that of its conventional counterpart. The EFSA GMO Panel concludes that the estimated changes in fat...

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Clinical and experimental study on the long-term effect of dietary gamma-linolenic acid on plasma lipids, platelet aggregation, thromboxane formation, and prostacyclin production

Cited by 54 publications

References 19 publications

Potential of Evening Primrose, Borage, Black Currant, and Fungal Oils in Human Health

Potential of Evening Primrose, Borage, Black Currant, and Fungal Oils in Human Health

Dietary Linolenic Acid Is Inversely Associated With Calcified Atherosclerotic Plaque in the Coronary Arteries

Scientific Opinion on application (EFSA‐GMO‐UK‐2009‐76) for the placing on the market of soybean MON 87769 genetically modified to contain stearidonic acid, for food and feed uses, import and processing under Regulation (EC) No 1829/2003 from Monsanto

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