Clinical and Microbiological Profile of Patients with Bloodstream Infections Caused by Burkholderia cepacia Complex

Abstract

Introduction Burkholderia cepacia complex (BCC) is an emerging pathogen causing nosocomial bloodstream infections (BSIs), and its treatment is challenging due to its multidrug resistance. In India, there is a dearth of data on BSIs caused by BCC, therefore, an updated study is required to know the clinical and microbiological profile of these patients. We aimed to study the clinical epidemiology and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of BCC isolated from blood samples in our hospital. Materials and Methods This observational study was conducted from January 2019 to December 2020 at a tertiary care center in northern India. All the blood cultures were done on an automated blood culture system. All BCC isolates of BSI were identified depending on their morphological properties and biochemical reactions, and underwent the matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry system to confirm diagnosis. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was done as per Clinical Laboratory and Standards Institute guidelines. Results BCC was isolated from 30 BSI patients over a 2-year period. Sixty-six percent (20/30) of patients had cancer and a majority of them were undergoing chemotherapy. The most common predisposing factors were the use of steroids, immunosuppressive drugs, and chemotherapy (93.3%), central lines (83.3%), use of higher antibiotics (60%), and diabetes mellitus type 2 (60%). The most common species isolated were B. cepacia (64%) and B. cenocepacia (30%). Isolates showed highest sensitivity to minocycline (100%), ceftazidime (73.3%), and meropenem (70%) and the least to ticarcillin–clavulanate. Conclusion BCC is an emerging pathogen causing BSIs, especially in malignancy patients. Minocycline can be a good choice for these bacteria.

Prevalence of Burkholderia cepacia recovered from clinical specimens in the Zainoel Abidin general hospital, Banda Aceh, Indonesia

“…B. cepacia isolates in the present study remain high sensitivite to ceftazidime (92.7%) and cefoperazone (76.9%). These antibiotic susceptibility results showed similarity with others signifying the high sensitivity Burkholderia cepacia to ceftazidime and/or cefoperazone ( 13 , 17 , 25 ). The use of surveillance programs and careful administration of antibiotics can help prevent the spread of B. cepacia infections, even though some medications are still effective against it.…”

“…This is in accordance with previous study demonstrated that B. cepacia were the most commonly found in blood specimens accounting for which was associated with bloodstream infections ( 15 , 16 ). Moreover, other investigators highlighted the prevalence of B. cepacia detected in 30 patients with bloodstream infections during two-year period ( 17 ) indicating B. cepacia as emerging pathogens in blood stream infections. Furthermore, B. cepacia as BSI pathogens are also prevalently detected in patients with central venous catheters.…”

Design of primers for evaluation of some gram-negative bacteria isolated from intensive care unit patients in Wasit province, Iraq

“…The results of Burkholderia cepacia complex showed that isolate had given a result at negative for indole .But positive for methyl red , voges proskauer , urease test , citrate assimilation , motility ,catalase and oxidase ,TSI alkaline / acidic with no production of H2S and gas. Similar finding were recorded by [17]. The percentage of all other bacterial growth, which was isolated in this results are consistent with findings from other Iraqi studies [18,19].…”

Antibiotic Resistance and Biofilm Formation in Gram Negative Bacteria Isolated From Endotracheal Tubes in Intensive Care Unit of a Tertiary Care Hospital

“…[23,24,25] Kady et al reported B. cepacia isolates to be 100% susceptible to meropenem, ceftazidime, cotrimoxazole, and minocycline. [26] In the present study, 23 The results obtained in the present study are concordant to Baidya et al, Rewdiwala et al and Kaur et al…”