Cloning, identification and functional characterization of a pi-class glutathione-S-transferase from the freshwater mussel Cristaria plicata

A sigma-class glutathione S-transferase from Solen grandis that responded to microorganism glycan and organic contaminants

“…The SYBR Green real-time PCR analysis was employed to study the mRNA expression of SgGST-S1 with b-actin as internal control. Like other mollusk GSTs [18,20,21], in the healthy razor clams, the mRNA transcript of SgGST-S1 was found to be constitutively expressed in a wide range of tissues with different levels, including mantle, gill, gonad, hemocyte, muscle, and hepatopancreas (Fig. 3).…”

“…As an important molecule involved in detoxification, most molluscan GSTs, such as GSTs from P. martensii, C. plicata and Octodon. pacificus [16,20,21], were found high expressed in hepatopancreas (digestive gland), whose function was considered to be similar to that of the liver in vertebrate species [10]. The fact that SgGST-S1 expressed mostly in the detoxification related organ, suggesting SgGST-S1 might play an indispensible role in detoxification like other GSTs.…”

“…Several marine GSTs are involved in the immune response against bacterial pathogens [9,19e21]. For instance, the GST activity is activated after Haliotis diversicolor is challenged by bacteria [19], and transcript levels of the GST genes from other marine invertebrates, such as Eriocheir sinensis, Pinctada martensii and Cristaria plicata, can be induced by bacterial pathogen [9,20,21]. Though several GSTs have been identified from aforementioned mollusk, the river of knowledge on molluscan GSTs does not run very deep.…”

cDNA cloning and mRNA expression of four glutathione S-transferase (GST) genes from Mytilus galloprovincialis

“…Because of their benthic and sedentary mode of life, they are easily exposed to biotic and abiotic stresses, such as various pathogens and pollutants [1]. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and superoxide anion ðO À 2 Þ are usually generated in response to these stresses [2,3].…”

“…Reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) and superoxide anion ðO À 2 Þ are usually generated in response to these stresses [2,3]. Organisms have evolved different strategies to cope with the negative physiological effects of ROS by a group of antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione-S-transferase (GST) and some non-enzymatic antioxidant molecules [1,4].…”