Coarse wavelength division multiplexer on silicon-on-insulator for 100 GbE

Dwivedi, Sarvagya; Heyn, Peter De; Absil, P.; Campenhout, Joris Van; Bogaerts, Wim

doi:10.1109/group4.2015.7305928

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Cascaded MZI filters have shown to be a low loss alternative to realizing flat-top CWDM (de-)multiplexers. There have been a few reports of 1 × 4 filters on silicon with a channel spacing of >20 nm [18], [38], 5 nm [39] for the O-band and 3.2 nm [35], [35] for the C-band. For the Si 3 N 4 platform, demonstrated filters include channel spacing of ∼3-4 nm [40], [41], 10 nm [42], and 20 nm [36].…”

Section: Cwdm Mzi Lattice Filtersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicon Nitride (Si₃N₄) (De-)Multiplexers for 1-μm CWDM Optical Interconnects

Cheung

Tan

2020

J. Lightwave Technol.

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We discuss the design and demonstration of 4-channel coarse wavelength-division (de-)multiplexers based on cascaded Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) lattice filters and arrayed waveguide gratings (AWG) on a 150 nm silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4) platform. The 1 × 4 (de-)multiplexers are designed for a channel separation of 25 nm and operate within 990-1065 nm for bottom emitting vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSEL)-based optical links. For Si 3 N 4 Gaussian AWGs, we demonstrate crosstalk <−35 dB at the peak transmission band with insertion loss <0.5 dB. Measurements were performed over many dies, and passband standard deviations for channel 1-4 are 0.49, 0.66, 0.42, and 0.37 nm, respectively. Results for flat-top AWGs indicate crosstalk <−20 dB, with insertion loss <3 dB for the best devices. Flattop cascaded 2 nd order and 3 rd order MZI lattice filters show a minimum of crosstalk <−15 dB and <−20 dB, respectively. The pass-band temperature shift was determined to be 14.5 pm/°C, which is lower than reported values for silicon. The device footprint of the Gaussian and flat-top AWGs are both ∼670 × 200 µm. The device footprint of the flat-top cascaded 2 nd order and 3 rd order lattice filters are 1160 × 470 µm and 1570 × 470 µm, respectively. We believe the Si 3 N 4 platform has potential for its use in CWDM and possibly DWDM transceiver/optical-modules for data/computer communication in high temperature environments up to 80°C. Index Terms-Optical interconnects, photonic integrated circuits, silicon nitride, silicon photonics. I. INTRODUCTION T HERE continues to be an increased demand for high bandwidth density optical interconnects for future mega data centers, long-haul communications, and peta/exa-scale high performance computing (HPC). One study suggests annual global data center IP traffic will reach 20.6 Zettabytes (ZB) by the end of 2021; 94% of those workloads will be processed by cloud data centers and 6% by traditional data centers [1]. In another study, it is estimated by 2020, HPC peak performance will exceed 1 exaflop and require 800 million optical channels with each channel operating at ∼25 Gb/s, 1mW/Gb/s, and at $25/Tb/s [2]. Recently, Hewlett Packard Enterprise announced a new memory centric architecture where CPUs and a universal pool of memory (DRAM, SSD, NVRAM, etc.) are interconnected through a high

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Section: Cwdm Mzi Lattice Filtersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Silicon Nitride (Si₃N₄) (De-)Multiplexers for 1-μm CWDM Optical Interconnects

Cheung

Tan

2020

J. Lightwave Technol.

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“…29) Their parameter values are described in previous papers. [22][23][24][25][26] The power splitting ratios are listed in Table I…”

Section: Basic Model Of Mzi Lattice Filtermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cascaded asymmetrical Mach-Zehnder interferometers enable low insertion loss, spectral flatness, and broadened passband width to be achieved. [21][22][23][24][25][26] Receiver in very short-reach optical interconnections uses direct detection. 27) Suppressing crosstalk among WDM channels is an important issue affecting receiver sensitivity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Systematic identification of crosstalk and bandwidth upper limit in highly cascaded Mach–Zehnder lattice optical filters

Ushida¹,

Murao²,

Shiina³

et al. 2022

Jpn. J. Appl. Phys.

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Crosstalk among channels in wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) filters must be suppressed to enhance receiver sensitivity in direct-detection-based optical communication systems. We present a systematic method to identify the maximum crosstalk and upper limit of the transmission spectrum bandwidth of a highly multi-staged Mach-Zehnder interference (MZI) lattice optical filter with a number of cascade N (N=1,2,…,∞). The scattering matrix including the wafer-level-measurement-based coupling coefficients of directional couplers is used to calculate the transmittance from the input to each output channel and the result is exactly extrapolated to infinite N. This method can be used to design, characterize, and evaluate $N$-cascaded MZI lattice optical filters that must meet strict WDM specifications.

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“…In principle four different wavelengths in C-band from four directly modulated DFB laser diodes can be multiplexed in Course Wavelength Division Multiplexing (CWDM) format to increase the aggregate data rate to 100 Gb/s (4x25 Gb/s) for short and medium reach applications. Flat-top and low loss silicon-on-insulator four-channel MUX filters have already been demonstrated [17] and will be implemented with our heterogeneous integration platform in the near future.…”

Section: Link Demonstrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

10-/28-Gb Chirp Managed 20-km Links Based on Silicon Photonics Transceivers

Abbasi

Moeneclaey

Yin

et al. 2017

IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett.

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High speed directly modulated single mode lasers are becoming important optical components for short reach communication. In order to cover a transmission distance that is required for PON and inter data-center applications, the chirp managed laser (CML) is an attractive transmitter technology. This technology enables to use a directly modulated laser (DML) for longer reach systems, resulting in a smaller footprint, low fabrication cost and lower power consumption. Error free 10 Gb/s non-return-to-zero-on-off-keying (NRZ-OOK) data transmission over 20 km standard single mode fiber (SMF) is demonstrated using a heterogeneously integrated III-V-on-Si distributed feedback laser in combination with a tunable optical filter as a transmitter and a Ge-on-Si waveguide-coupled Avalanche Photodiode (APD) with an integrated transimpedance amplifier (TIA) as a receiver. For inter-datacenter applications, by increasing the bias current of the laser (improving its modulation bandwidth and output power) and using a faster silicon-contacted germanium waveguide p-in photodetector with an integrated TIA, 28 Gb/s NRZ-OOK data transmission over 20 km standard single mode fiber is demonstrated..

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Coarse wavelength division multiplexer on silicon-on-insulator for 100 GbE

Abstract: Abstract-A four-channel cascaded MZI based de-multiplexer at O-band with coarse channel spacing of 20 nm and band flatness of 13 nm is demonstrated on silicon-on-insulator. The device shows a mean crosstalk and insertion loss below -16 dB and 2.5 dB.

Cited by 15 publications

References 7 publications

Silicon Nitride (Si₃N₄) (De-)Multiplexers for 1-μm CWDM Optical Interconnects

Silicon Nitride (Si₃N₄) (De-)Multiplexers for 1-μm CWDM Optical Interconnects

Systematic identification of crosstalk and bandwidth upper limit in highly cascaded Mach–Zehnder lattice optical filters

10-/28-Gb Chirp Managed 20-km Links Based on Silicon Photonics Transceivers

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Coarse wavelength division multiplexer on silicon-on-insulator for 100 GbE

Abstract: Abstract-A four-channel cascaded MZI based de-multiplexer at O-band with coarse channel spacing of 20 nm and band flatness of 13 nm is demonstrated on silicon-on-insulator. The device shows a mean crosstalk and insertion loss below -16 dB and 2.5 dB.

Cited by 15 publications

References 7 publications

Silicon Nitride (Si3N4) (De-)Multiplexers for 1-μm CWDM Optical Interconnects

Silicon Nitride (Si3N4) (De-)Multiplexers for 1-μm CWDM Optical Interconnects

Systematic identification of crosstalk and bandwidth upper limit in highly cascaded Mach–Zehnder lattice optical filters

10-/28-Gb Chirp Managed 20-km Links Based on Silicon Photonics Transceivers

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Silicon Nitride (Si₃N₄) (De-)Multiplexers for 1-μm CWDM Optical Interconnects

Silicon Nitride (Si₃N₄) (De-)Multiplexers for 1-μm CWDM Optical Interconnects