Combining ability of some sorghum lines for dry lands and sub-humid environments of East Africa

Ringo, Justin; Beatrice, Were; Mgonja, M.; Deshpande, Santosh; Rathore, Abhishek; Mneney, Emmarold E.; Onkware, A.; Samuel, Gudu

doi:10.5897/ajar2014.8519

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Plant height, length of a vegetation period, inherited with a high degree of heterosis can be improved in hybrids. The hybrids of the first generation, depending on the selection of parental forms, can become more fast-maturing or occupy an intermediate position between them or lag behind them [9]. In our study inheritance of length of a vegetation period was of a dominant character.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 55%

Inheritance of the main quantitative traits in sweet sorghum hybrids F₁

et al. 2020

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Sweet sorghum hybrids F1 in productivity can surpass the parental forms on 50-60%. Thus the breeding process is aimed to develop first generation hybrids with a strong potential of productivity and quality of green mass and silage. The purpose of the work is to study heritability and heterosis of the quantitative traits of sweet sorghum hybrids F1 obtained on a sterile basis. The study was conducted in 2013-2015 on the lines with cytoplasmic male sterility (‘A-63’, ‘Knyazhna’, ‘APV-1115), the varieties (‘Listvenit’, ‘Severnoe 44’, ‘Zernogradskoe 454’, ‘Stavropolskoe 36’, ‘Galiya’ and ‘Larets’) and the hybrids. The inheritance of green mass productivity and absolutely dry matter, the length of a vegetation period, plant height and leaf formation (foliage), protein content in dry matter of the hybrids occurred according to the type of dominance and overdominance. It has been determined that while choosing the parental forms for hybridization it’s essential to select the forms with differences in the vegetation period of 4-6 days to avoid the dominance of late maturity. The height pollinator increase results in the hybrid height increase and large heterosis. It’s necessary to select the parental forms with maximum foliage to improve leaf formation in the hybrids.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 55%

Inheritance of the main quantitative traits in sweet sorghum hybrids F₁

et al. 2020

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“…The exploitation of heterosis through hybrid breeding is one of the landmark achievements in plant breeding (Duvick, 2001). Potential of sorghum hybrids is estimated from the percentage increase or decrease of their performance over the mid parent (average heterosis) and better parent (heterobeltiosis) (Ringo et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining Ability and Heterosis Estimation in Elite Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench] Inbred lines Under Moisture Stress Areas of Ethiopia

Begna

Birhan

Tadesse

2023

Preprint

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The most important prerequisite in crop improvement is the selection of suitable parents, which could combine well and produce desirable hybrids. However, narrow genetic base, lack of potential hybrids and lack of information on the genetic components are the most important limiting factors for sorghum yield improvement. Therefore, the present study was conducted to estimate the combining abilities and heterosis for yield and its components. A total of 42 sorghum genotypes were evaluated using alpha lattice experimental design with two replications at Mieso and Kobo during the cropping season of 2019. Combined analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences due to genotypes for all studied traits over locations, which indicates the availability of substation genetic variation among genotypes. Based on general combining ability analysis, inbred line 3 and 4 were identified as best general combiners for both days to flowering and plant height traits whereas inbred line 2 and 7 were identified as best general combiners for stay green traits. The hybrid crosses 4x14, 8x15 and 11x14 were identified as best specific combiners for grain yield while hybrid 1x15 was best specific combiner for days to flowering, days to maturity, panicle length, panicle width and thousand seed weight. The estimates of general and specific combining ability revealed the preponderance of non-additive gene action since the ratio of general combining ability to specific combining ability was less than unity for all the traits under study except for plant height. The maximum grain yield was obtained from a hybrid 4x14 (6.32 tha-1) followed by hybrid 8x15(5.92 tha-1), 1x15 (5.88 tha-1), 13x14 (5.78 tha-1) and 6x15 (5.57 tha-1) with the average value of 5.0 tha-1 which had higher mean value than the mean of the parents and the check. Among the hybrids, 8x15 recorded maximum heterosis (112.41%) over the mid parents, hybrid 1x15 revealed maximum heterosis (68.71%) over the better parent whereas 4x14 recorded maximum grain yield with (30.71%) heterosis over the standard check for grain yield. Finally, based on mean yield performance, heterosis response and combining ability estimates for grain yield and its components, the hybrid crosses 4x14, 8x15, 1x15, 11x14, 11x15, 13x14 and 6x15 were found to be the most promising and potential hybrids which could be exploited commercially after critical evaluation for their superiority and yield stability across the locations over years.

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“…For instance, molecular markers with known QTLs for drought tolerance have been useful for backcrossing into varieties with early leaf senescence [ 17 ]. The donor parent lines with the trait of drought tolerance enhance sorghum improvement for tolerance stability [ 18 ]. Use of donor parents with good heritability and combining ability for drought tolerance-related traits are important for development of hybrids [ 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drought Tolerance and Application of Marker-Assisted Selection in Sorghum

Mwamahonje

Eleblu

Ofori

et al. 2021

Biology

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Sorghum is an important staple food crop in drought prone areas of Sub-Saharan Africa, which is characterized by erratic rainfall with poor distribution. Sorghum is a drought-tolerant crop by nature with reasonable yield compared to other cereal crops, but such abiotic stress adversely affects the productivity. Some sorghum varieties maintain green functional leaves under post-anthesis drought stress referred to as stay-green, which makes it an important crop for food and nutritional security. Notwithstanding, it is difficult to maintain consistency of tolerance over time due to climate change, which is caused by human activities. Drought in sorghum is addressed by several approaches, for instance, breeding drought-tolerant sorghum using conventional and molecular technologies. The challenge with conventional methods is that they depend on phenotyping stay-green, which is complex in sorghum, as it is constituted by multiple genes and environmental effects. Marker assisted selection, which involves the use of DNA molecular markers to map QTL associated with stay-green, has been useful to supplement stay-green improvement in sorghum. It involves QTL mapping associated with the stay-green trait for introgression into the senescent sorghum varieties through marker-assisted backcrossing by comparing with phenotypic field data. Therefore, this review discusses mechanisms of drought tolerance in sorghum focusing on physiological, morphological, and biochemical traits. In addition, the review discusses the application of marker-assisted selection techniques, including marker-assisted backcrossing, QTL mapping, and QTL pyramiding for addressing post-flowering drought in sorghum.

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Combining ability of some sorghum lines for dry lands and sub-humid environments of East Africa

Cited by 5 publications

References 7 publications

Inheritance of the main quantitative traits in sweet sorghum hybrids F₁

Inheritance of the main quantitative traits in sweet sorghum hybrids F₁

Combining Ability and Heterosis Estimation in Elite Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench] Inbred lines Under Moisture Stress Areas of Ethiopia

Drought Tolerance and Application of Marker-Assisted Selection in Sorghum

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Combining ability of some sorghum lines for dry lands and sub-humid environments of East Africa

Cited by 5 publications

References 7 publications

Inheritance of the main quantitative traits in sweet sorghum hybrids F1

Inheritance of the main quantitative traits in sweet sorghum hybrids F1

Combining Ability and Heterosis Estimation in Elite Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L) Moench] Inbred lines Under Moisture Stress Areas of Ethiopia

Drought Tolerance and Application of Marker-Assisted Selection in Sorghum

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Inheritance of the main quantitative traits in sweet sorghum hybrids F₁

Inheritance of the main quantitative traits in sweet sorghum hybrids F₁