Compact Millimeter-Wave Sensor for Remote Monitoring of Vital Signs

Bakhtiari, Sasan; Elmer, Thomas W.; Cox, N. M.; Gopalsami, N.; Raptis, A.C.; Liao, Shaolin; Mikhelson, Ilya V.; Sahakian, Alan V.

doi:10.1109/tim.2011.2171589

Cited by 77 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…HR and BR measurements have been shown using laser doppler [11], microwave doppler [12], milliwave doppler [13] and thermal imaging [14], [15] methods. Verkruysse et al [9] showed that PPG measurements could be made using ambient light in the visual spectrum.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvements in Remote Cardiopulmonary Measurement Using a Five Band Digital Camera

McDuff

Gontarek

Picard

2014

IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng.

249

148

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Abstract-Remote measurement of the blood volume pulse via photoplethysmography (PPG) using digital cameras and ambient light has great potential for healthcare and affective computing. However, traditional RGB cameras have limited frequency resolution. We present results of PPG measurements from a novel five band camera and show that alternate frequency bands, in particular an orange band, allowed physiological measurements much more highly correlated with an FDA approved contact PPG sensor. In a study with participants (n=10) at rest and under stress, correlations of over 0.92 (p<0.01) were obtained for heart rate, breathing rate and heart rate variability measurements. In addition, the remotely measured HRV spectrograms closely matched those from the contact approach. The best results were obtained using a combination of cyan, green and orange (CGO) bands; incorporating red and blue channel observations did not improve performance. In short, RGB is not optimal for this problem: CGO is better. Incorporating alternative color channel sensors should not increase the cost of such cameras dramatically.Index Terms-heart rate variability (HRV), blood volume pulse (BVP), photoplethysmography (PPG), remote sensing.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improvements in Remote Cardiopulmonary Measurement Using a Five Band Digital Camera

McDuff

Gontarek

Picard

2014

IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng.

249

148

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“…[12,13,14], and 94.0 GHz [15,16,17,18]. Among these studies, only a few [1,2,8] successfully measured the instantaneous heart rate, which would allow the assessment of heart-rate variability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accurate heartbeat monitoring using ultra-wideband radar

Sakamoto

Imasaka

Taki

et al. 2015

IEICE Electron. Express

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Abstract:We demonstrate an accurate remote measurement of heartbeats using an ultra-wideband radar system. Although most conventional systems use either continuous waves or impulse-radio systems for remote vital monitoring, continuous waves suffer from non-stationary clutters, while impulse-radio systems cannot detect heartbeats. Our ultra-wideband radar system has a moderate fractional bandwidth intermediate of these systems, resulting in both the suppression of clutters and high sensitivity in measuring accurate heart rates even in a dynamic environment. A simultaneous measurement of the vital signal of a participant employing the ultra-wideband radar and electrocardiography reveals the high accuracy of the radar system in measuring the heart rate varying over time. Keywords: ultra-wideband, radar, vital monitoring, heart rate Classification: Microwave and millimeter wave devices, circuits, and systems References

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“…In the recent years, millimetre-wave (MMW) frequencies (30-300 GHz) have drawn a remarkable research interest for RVSM implications [23,[27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35]. The main motives of RVSM at MMW frequencies include (i) improvement in the detection accuracy by employing shorter wavelength of the signal, (ii) smaller form factor for the device compactness and (iii) possibility of more subject focused signal transmission and reception to avoid the interference from the unwanted side reflections [22,[33][34][35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main motives of RVSM at MMW frequencies include (i) improvement in the detection accuracy by employing shorter wavelength of the signal, (ii) smaller form factor for the device compactness and (iii) possibility of more subject focused signal transmission and reception to avoid the interference from the unwanted side reflections [22,[33][34][35]. From MMW band, 60 GHz band (57-66 GHz) has drawn more attraction because this band is free of licence and is quite mature due to its extensive use for several other wireless services [27].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultra-Wide Patch Antenna Array Design at 60 GHz Band for Remote Vital Sign Monitoring with Doppler Radar Principle

Rabbani

Ghafouri‐Shiraz

2016

J Infrared Milli Terahz Waves

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In this paper, ultra-wide patch antenna arrays have been presented at 60 GHz band (57.24-65.88 GHz) with improved gain and beam-width capabilities for remote detection of respiration and heart beat rate of a person with Doppler radar principle. The antennas measured and simulation results showed close agreement. The breathing rate (BR) and heart rate (HR) of a 31-year-old man have been accurately detected from various distances ranging from 5 to 200 cm with both single-antenna and dual-antenna operations. In the case of single-antenna operation, the signal is transmitted and received with the same antenna, whereas in dualantenna operation, two identical antennas are employed, one for signal transmission and the other for reception. It has been found that in case of the single-antenna operation, the accuracy of the remote vital sign monitoring (RVSM) is good for short distance; however, in the case of the dual-antenna operations, the RVSM can be accurately carried out at relatively much longer distance. On the other hand, it has also been seen that the visual results are more obvious with higher gain antennas when the radar beam is confined just on the subject's body area.

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Compact Millimeter-Wave Sensor for Remote Monitoring of Vital Signs

Cited by 77 publications

References 16 publications

Improvements in Remote Cardiopulmonary Measurement Using a Five Band Digital Camera

Improvements in Remote Cardiopulmonary Measurement Using a Five Band Digital Camera

Accurate heartbeat monitoring using ultra-wideband radar

Ultra-Wide Patch Antenna Array Design at 60 GHz Band for Remote Vital Sign Monitoring with Doppler Radar Principle

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