Comparative Analysis of Material Criteria in Neighborhood Sustainability Assessment Tools and Urban Design Guidelines: Cases of the UK, the US, Japan, and Korea

As an essential part of a city, community is significant to the sustainable development of the city. At present, research on community sustainability assessment systems is relatively scarce. The existing community sustainability assessment systems often lack integrated consideration of community sustainability. For example, these systems especially place emphasis on the ecological and environmental aspects, but the economic and social aspects of sustainability are partially ignored. In order to comprehensively evaluate the sustainability of a community, this paper draws on the "participatory philosophy" and constructs an integrated assessment indicator system that includes five dimensions: environment; economy; society; institution; and culture. On this basis, a new hybrid evaluation method based on analytical hierarchy process (AHP)-entropy weight and the cloud model is proposed to evaluate community sustainability. This method combines AHP and the entropy weight method to determine index weight, thus making full use of their respective advantages. At the same time, it makes use of the superiority of the cloud model to transform qualitative remarks into quantitative representations and to reflect fuzziness and randomness. To verify the feasibility of this method, a case study is carried out on the "Minxinjiayuan" public rental housing community in Chongqing, China. The results show that the overall sustainability of the community lies between the "middle" and "good" level, and closer to the "middle" level. The level of the economic and social sustainability is higher than that of the environmental, institutional and cultural sustainability.

Section: Community Sustainability Assessment Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Research On Sustainability Assessment Indexmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Integrated Sustainability Assessment of Public Rental Housing Community Based on a Hybrid Method of AHP-Entropy Weight and Cloud Model

Duan

Zuo

et al. 2017

“…A newly constructed apartment housing falls under LEED NC (Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design, New Construction), and 8 evaluation items including minimum energy performance, optimization of energy performance, renewable energy in the sites, commissioning, management of refrigerants, M&V (Measurement and Verification), green power, and heat island effect fall under the energy and environmental pollution guidelines in the Korean system [15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Case Investigation Regarding the Evaluation Items Of Overseamentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of the Current Scoring Distribution by Evaluation Criteria in Korean Long-Life Housing Certification System Cases

Kim

Hwang

2017

Peoples lifestyles are diversifying due to an increase in the types of residents housing and family structures. The ratio of apartment housing in Korea was 59.9% (9806 households) in 2015, and this type accounts for the largest ratio among all housing types. However, the life of the physical housing is approximately 30-40 years, which is relatively shorter in comparison to that of overseas houses. Therefore, the certification system for long-life housing, which had longer social and physical service life, was newly established in 24 December 2014. However, all apartment houses only acquired the normal grade (grade 4). The purpose of this study is to investigate all long-life housing certification cases and analyze the acquired score and status of each evaluation item. The total number of certification cases was 283, and the data analysis and FGI (Focus Group Interview) investigation method were used as the methods of study. As a result of analysis and summary, 173 cases (61.13%) received 50 points and 106 cases (37.46%) received 51 points. All these cases were considered normal grade. The result of this study is as follows. First, a system to maintain the long-life housing certification system operation agency is necessary. Second, the reason for an item with no score was the evasion by construction companies due to an increase in both the construction expense and sale price. Therefore, various incentive plans are necessary and should be executed accordingly. Third, it is necessary to improve the detailed evaluation standards of the certification system and reexamine its scoring system. Long-life housing is a housing type in preparation for changes in the residential environment in future. The significance of this study is that the content shall be utilized as preliminary data for improving the system through the analysis of evaluation items in the certification system.

“…All these tools, mentioned only as representative examples, attempt to be comprehensive and realistic; however, they differ greatly in their results. For example, Yoon and Park [31] compared the above three certification systems, and although the results were meaningful, and all three systems tend be balanced and comprehensive, they found significant differences among them due to the great variation among different urban cultures. Even though city and urban green certification methods keep improving and expanding, their implementation in real projects is still very limited.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life Cycle Assessment in Building: A Case Study on the Energy and Emissions Impact Related to the Choice of Housing Typologies and Construction Process in Spain

Serrano

Álvarez

2016

Abstract:While there exists an international trend to develop zero or near zero emissions building solutions by 2020, and European governments continuously update their building regulations to optimize the building envelope and energy systems to achieve this during the building use stage, at least in Spain the building regulations do not take into account the impact of emissions resulting from urbanization and construction activities prior to building use. This research studies in detail the entire emissions balance (and how it may be related to energy efficiency) in a newly built residential cluster project in Mancha Real (Jaén, Spain), and influences due to the choice of different urban typologies. For comparison, terraced housing and low-density, four-floor, multi-family housing alternatives have been studied. The present work assessed the life cycle of the building with the help of commercial software (CYPE), and the energy efficiency and emissions according to the legal regulations in Spain with the official software LIDER and CALENER VYP. After a careful choice of building and systems alternatives and their comparison, the study concludes that the major emissions impact and energy costs of urbanization and building activity occurs during construction, while later savings due to reductions in building use emissions are very modest in comparison. Therefore, deeper analysis is suggested to improve the efficiency of the construction process for a significantly reduced emission footprint on the urban environment.