Comparative cytotoxicity of fourteen trivalent and pentavalent arsenic species determined using real-time cell sensing

Moe, Birget; Peng, Hanyong; Lu, Xiufen; Chen, Baowei; Chen, Lydia W.L.; Gabos, Stephan; Li, Xing‐Fang; Le, X. Chris

doi:10.1016/j.jes.2016.10.004

Cited by 145 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…While inorganic arsenic (iAs) is an established human carcinogen 2 , less is known about organic arsenic species, such as arsenosugars found in seaweeds. Arsenosugars can be metabolized to a variety of compounds 3,4 , with at least one metabolite, thio-dimethyl arsenic (thio-DMA), showing cytotoxicity in bladder and lung cells 5–9 . The presence of arsenic in seaweed products, and its ability to form potentially toxic species has raised concern about possible human health impacts of seaweed consumption.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct arsenic metabolites following seaweed consumption in humans

Taylor

Li²,

Sayarath³

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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Seaweeds contain arsenic primarily in the form of arsenosugars, which can be metabolized to a wide range of arsenic compounds. To characterize human exposure to arsenic from seaweed consumption, we determined concentrations of arsenic species in locally available seaweeds, and assessed urinary arsenic compounds in an experimental feeding study. A total of 11 volunteers consumed 10 g per day of three types of seaweeds (nori, kombu, and wakame) for three days each, while abstaining from rice and seafood following a three-day washout period. Urinary arsenosugars and their metabolites (including dimethyl arsenate (DMA), thio-dimethylarsinoylethanol (thio-DMAE), thio-dimethylarsinoylacetate (thio-DMAA), and thio-DMA) were measured in spot urine samples prior to seaweed consumption, and in 24-hour urine samples while consuming seaweed. Commercial products made from whole seaweed had substantial concentrations of arsenic (12–84 µg/g), dominated by arsenosugars. Intact arsenosugars along with DMA, thio-DMAA, thio-DMAE all increased in urine after ingesting each type of seaweed, and varied between seaweed types and between individuals. Only trace levels of the known toxic metabolite, thio-DMA, were observed, across individuals. Thio-DMAE and thio-DMAA are unique products of arsenosugar breakdown, thus assessment of these compounds may help to identify dietary intake of arsenic from seaweed from other exposure pathways.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct arsenic metabolites following seaweed consumption in humans

Taylor

Li²,

Sayarath³

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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“…The cytotoxicity of some arsenic species was analyzed in T24 cells, which was derived from a human urinary bladder carcinoma that lacks the ability of As(III) methylation. In T24 cells, the relative toxicities were determined to be MAs (Moe et al, 2016). Most of the inorganic arsenic, As(III) and As(V), is found in urine primarily as MAs(V) and DMAs(V).…”

Section: Environmental Prevalence Of Organoarsenicals Simple Methylarmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Arsenic Methylation Cycle: How Microbial Communities Adapted Methylarsenicals for Use as Weapons in the Continuing War for Dominance

Chen

Rosen

2020

Front. Environ. Sci.

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“…Human and rat red blood cells both have the capacity to thiolate arsenic in vitro [61], but the toxicological implications and primary mechanism(s) of arsenic thiolation in the body remain unclear. Regardless, pentavalent monothiolated arsenicals like monomethyl monothioarsonic acid (MMMTA V ) and dimethyl monothioarsinic acid (DMMTA V ), have cytotoxicity more similar to trivalent arsenicals compared with their non-thiolated counterparts (i.e., pentavalent methylated oxoarsenicals) [62]. A number of different chemical pathways have been proposed for the formation of thioarsenicals and have been thoroughly reviewed [51].…”

Section: Human Arsenic Metabolismmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Human Gut Microbiome’s Influence on Arsenic Toxicity

2019

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Purpose of Review Arsenic exposure is a public health concern of global proportions with a high degree of interindividual variability in pathologic outcomes. Arsenic metabolism is a key factor underlying toxicity, and the primary purpose of this review is to summarize recent discoveries concerning the influence of the human gut microbiome on the metabolism, bioavailability, and toxicity of ingested arsenic. We review and discuss the current state of knowledge along with relevant methodologies for studying these phenomena. Recent Findings Bacteria in the human gut can biochemically transform arsenic-containing compounds (arsenicals). Recent publications utilizing culture-based approaches combined with analytical biochemistry and molecular genetics have helped identify several arsenical transformations by bacteria that are at least possible in the human gut and are likely to mediate arsenic toxicity to the host. Other studies that directly incubate stool samples in vitro also demonstrate the gut microbiome's potential to alter arsenic speciation and bioavailability. In vivo disruption or elimination of the microbiome has been shown to influence toxicity and body burden of arsenic through altered excretion and biotransformation of arsenicals. Currently, few clinical or epidemiological studies have investigated relationships between the gut microbiome and arsenic-related health outcomes in humans, although current evidence provides strong rationale for this research in the future. Summary The human gut microbiome can metabolize arsenic and influence arsenical oxidation state, methylation status, thiolation status, bioavailability, and excretion. We discuss the strength of current evidence and propose that the microbiome be considered in future epidemiologic and toxicologic studies of human arsenic exposure.

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Comparative cytotoxicity of fourteen trivalent and pentavalent arsenic species determined using real-time cell sensing

Cited by 145 publications

References 79 publications

Distinct arsenic metabolites following seaweed consumption in humans

Distinct arsenic metabolites following seaweed consumption in humans

The Arsenic Methylation Cycle: How Microbial Communities Adapted Methylarsenicals for Use as Weapons in the Continuing War for Dominance

The Human Gut Microbiome’s Influence on Arsenic Toxicity

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