Comparative study of the lymphocyte change between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 pneumonia cases suggesting uncontrolled inflammation might not be the main reason of tissue injury

Zheng, Yongping; Huang, Zhen; Yin, Guoping; Zhang, Xia; Ye, Wei; Hu, Zhiliang; Hu, Chunmei; Wei, Hongxia; Zeng, Yi; Chen, Yun; Chen, Cong; Lin, Feishen; Lu, Hu; Xiao, Lingyan; Song, Yan; Wang, Chunming; Yi, Yongxiang; Dong, Lei

doi:10.1101/2020.02.19.20024885

Cited by 50 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…The significant of laboratory examinations was blood routine, the results suggested leukocytes were mainly normal or decreased, and lymphocytes reduced evidently in many COVID-19 patients [13] . A recent research indicated that lymphocytes,especially CD3 + lymphocytes and CD45 + lymphocytes, decreased significantly in comparison with non-COVID patients, while there was no significantly difference in quantities and proportions of neutrophils and monocytes [14] .Results of this analysis showed lymphocytes and eostinophils decreased obviously without leukocytes increasing in most patients, and neutrophils,monocytes and platelet mainly kept at normal range,it was consistent with previous reports. In term of chest CT, the typical image features were peripheral, subpleural ground glass opacities in the lower lobes.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Clinical features and outcomes of 197 adult discharged patients with COVID-19 in Yichang, Hubei

Zhou

Xiang²,

Zhang

2020

Preprint

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All cases were confirmed by real-time RT-PCR or chest computer tomography (CT). The survivors were followed up until March 4,2020. Clinical data, including demographic characteristic, presentation, underlying illness, exposure history, laboratory examination, radiology and prognosis were enrolled and analyzed by SPSS 19.0 software. Results There were 197 adult discharged patients with COVID-19 in this study.Statistical analysis indicated that the average age was 55.94 years, and female patients were 99(50.3%).Those patients mainly resided in urban with exposure history in 2 weeks, while 7 medical staffs were infected. Fever (77.6%%), cough (43.6%) and weakness (14.7%) were the common symptoms. Leukocytes were mainly normal or decreased in 185 patients (92.9%), both lymphocytes and eosinophils were below normal range, the ratios were 56.9% and 50.3%, respectively. On the contrary, lactate dehydrogenases raised in 65 patients. C-reactive protein (72.4%) elevated in the most of patients. The sensitivity of RT-PCR was 63.5%. Chest CT indicated that bilateral patchy shadows (69.0%) were the most common imaging manifestations.169(85.8%) patients recovered and transferred to a designated hospital for observation, and the others (14.2%) turned worst and died of acute respiratory failure. Conclusion COVID-19 infection with highly contagious have become a life-threaten public healthy problem, the sensitivity of RT-PCR was limited.Chest CT scan was recommended for the suspected patients. Furthermore, lymphocytopenia and eosinophils declining without leukocytes increasing may be considered as a useful evidence for the diagnosis.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Clinical features and outcomes of 197 adult discharged patients with COVID-19 in Yichang, Hubei

Zhou

Xiang²,

Zhang

2020

Preprint

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“…However, some CoVs are thought to induce T-cell apoptosis by the activation of apoptosis pathways [73], while depletion of CD4+ cells in later stages is associated with immune-mediated interstitial pneumonitis and delayed clearance of pathogen [74]. In SARS-CoV-2 infected patients, both the counts of CD4 + cells and CD8+ cells in severe pneumonia patients were lower than non-severe patients [75]. Similar results were observed in SARS-CoV infected patients [76,77].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel Combination of Vitamin C, Curcumin and Glycyrrhizic Acid Potentially Regulates Immune and Inflammatory Response Associated with Coronavirus Infections: A Perspective from System Biology Analysis

Chen¹,

Hu²,

Hood

et al. 2020

Nutrients

119

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Novel coronaviruses (CoV) have emerged periodically around the world in recent years. The recurrent spreading of CoVs imposes an ongoing threat to global health and the economy. Since no specific therapy for these CoVs is available, any beneficial approach (including nutritional and dietary approach) is worth investigation. Based on recent advances in nutrients and phytonutrients research, a novel combination of vitamin C, curcumin and glycyrrhizic acid (VCG Plus) was developed that has potential against CoV infection. System biology tools were applied to explore the potential of VCG Plus in modulating targets and pathways relevant to immune and inflammation responses. Gene target acquisition, gene ontology and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment were conducted consecutively along with network analysis. The results show that VCG Plus can act on 88 hub targets which are closely connected and associated with immune and inflammatory responses. Specifically, VCG Plus has the potential to regulate innate immune response by acting on NOD-like and Toll-like signaling pathways to promote interferons production, activate and balance T-cells, and regulate the inflammatory response by inhibiting PI3K/AKT, NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. All these biological processes and pathways have been well documented in CoV infections studies. Therefore, our findings suggest that VCG Plus may be helpful in regulating immune response to combat CoV infections and inhibit excessive inflammatory responses to prevent the onset of cytokine storm. However, further in vitro and in vivo experiments are warranted to validate the current findings with system biology tools. Our current approach provides a new strategy in predicting formulation rationale when developing new dietary supplements.

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“…We analyzed RNA-seq data of PBMC samples from three male individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 and three control individuals without SARS-CoV-2 infection obtained from China (Supplemental Table 1) [20]. We first sought to confirm the observed immunological changes observed during COVID-19 disease in peripheral blood by others [15,[21][22][23][24]. We utilized the bulk transcriptome PBMC data and estimated the abundances of 22 immune cell types using the CIBERSORT analytical deconvolution tool [25].…”

Section: Sars-cov-2-infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparativein vitrotranscriptomic analyses of COVID-19 candidate therapy hydroxychloroquine suggest limited immunomodulatory evidence of SARS-CoV-2 host response genes

Corley

Sugai

Schotsaert

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) has emerged as a potential and controversial antiviral candidate therapy for COVID-19. While many clinical trials are underway to test the efficacy of HCQ as a treatment for COVID-19, underlying mechanisms of HCQ in the setting of COVID-19 remain unclear. Hence, we examined differential gene expression signatures of HCQ exposure, in vitro SARS-CoV-2 infection, and host signatures of COVID-19 in blood, bronchoalveolar lavage, and postmortem lung to evaluate whether HCQ transcriptome signatures associate with restoration of SARS-CoV-2-related host transcriptional responses. Here, we show that 24 hours of in vitro treatment of peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMC) with HCQ significantly impacted transcription of 16 genes involved in immune regulation and lipid metabolism. Using transcriptome data from in vitro SARS-CoV-2 infected NHBE and A549 cells and PBMC derived from confirmed COVID-19 infected patients, we determined that only 0.24% of the COVID-19 PBMC differentially expressed gene set and 0.39% of the in vitro SARS-CoV-2 cells differentially expressed gene set overlapped with HCQ-related differentially expressed genes. Moreover, we observed that HCQ treatment significantly impacted transcription of 159 genes in human primary monocyte-derived macrophages involved in cholesterol biosynthetic process and chemokine activity. Notably, when we compared the macrophage HCQ-related gene lists with genes transcriptionally altered during SARS-CoV-2 infection and in bronchoalveolar lavage of COVID-19+ patients, the CXCL6 gene was impacted in all three transcriptional signatures revealing evidence in favor of chemokine modulation. HCQrelated transcriptional changes minimally overlapped with host genes altered in postmortem lung biopsies from COVID-19 participants. These results may provide insight into the immunomodulation mechanisms of HCQ treatment in the setting of COVID-19 and suggest HCQ is not a panacea to SARS-CoV-2 infection.was not certified by peer review)

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Comparative study of the lymphocyte change between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 pneumonia cases suggesting uncontrolled inflammation might not be the main reason of tissue injury

Cited by 50 publications

References 16 publications

Clinical features and outcomes of 197 adult discharged patients with COVID-19 in Yichang, Hubei

Clinical features and outcomes of 197 adult discharged patients with COVID-19 in Yichang, Hubei

A Novel Combination of Vitamin C, Curcumin and Glycyrrhizic Acid Potentially Regulates Immune and Inflammatory Response Associated with Coronavirus Infections: A Perspective from System Biology Analysis

Comparativein vitrotranscriptomic analyses of COVID-19 candidate therapy hydroxychloroquine suggest limited immunomodulatory evidence of SARS-CoV-2 host response genes

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