Comparative study of trust and reputation systems for wireless sensor networks

Abstract

Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are emerging as useful technology for information extraction from the surrounding environment by using numerous small-sized sensor nodes that are mostly deployed in sensitive, unattended, and (sometimes) hostile territories. Traditional cryptographic approaches are widely used to provide security in WSN. However, because of unattended and insecure deployment, a sensor node may be physically captured by an adversary who may acquire the underlying secret keys, or a subset thereof, to access the critical data and/or other nodes present in the network. Moreover, a node may not properly operate because of insufficient resources or problems in the network link. In recent years, the basic ideas of trust and reputation have been applied to WSNs to monitor the changing behaviors of nodes in a network. Several trust and reputation monitoring (TRM) systems have been proposed, to integrate the concepts of trust in networks as an additional security measure, and various surveys are conducted on the aforementioned system. However, the existing surveys lack a comprehensive discussion on trust application specific to the WSNs. This survey attempts to provide a thorough understanding of trust and reputation as well as their applications in the context of WSNs. The survey discusses the components required to build a TRM and the trust computation phases explained with a study of various security attacks. The study investigates the recent advances in TRMs and includes a concise comparison of various TRMs. Finally, a discussion on open issues and challenges in the implementation of trust-based systems is also presented.

Improving the Resilience of Wireless Sensor Networks Against Security Threats: A Survey and Open Research Issues

“…An extensive literature on trust and reputation systems is provided by Srinivasan et al (2009) and Reshmi and Sajitha (2014). Lopez et al, (2010) focused on a WSN trust management system survey, while Khalid et al (2013) applied the concepts of trust and reputation seen in human behavior in daily life into the WSN field for the purpose of node interactions.…”

“…The generic architecture of a WSN is based on sensors placed over a specified field to sense and collect information on a specific task and to communicate back to its base station, often referred to as a data sink. The base station utilizes either public or dedicated communication links connected to a sensor network task manager (Boukerch et al, 2007;Chen et al, 2007b;Khalid et al, 2013;Sarobin & Ganesan, 2016). WSNs possess many benefits, including their low-cost, low-power, robustness, durability, small size, ease of deployment and multi-function ability (Yang & Cao, 2008;Yick et al, 2008;Li & Gong, 2008;Lasol & Pornpromlikit, 2016).…”

MATF: a multi-attribute trust framework for MANETs

“…In CONFIDANT protocol, first-hand information is propagated after every 3 s, while weight given to the secondhand information is 20 %. To avoid false praise attack [11], only negative experiences as second-hand information are shared among nodes. One of the shortcomings in CONFIDANT protocol is that ALARM messages used in the protocol can be exploited by the bad-mouthing nodes.…”

“…In trust-based security schemes, data sparsity is a situation where lack of information or insufficient interaction experience makes it difficult to evaluate the node's trust, especially in the early time of network establishment. Moreover, using second-hand information without any filtration may cause bad-mouthing and false praise attack [11], which ultimately cause high false positive and false negative rate. In bad-mouthing attack, a misbehaving node propagates dishonest and unfair recommendations against an innocent node with a negative intention to confuse the trust model.…”

A Reputation System that Resists a Collusive Attack Focused on a Specific Target

“…These have considered wide-ranging applications, such as P2P systems [5], [6], ad hoc networks [7], [8], wireless sensor networks [9], [10], and spam-filtering systems [11]. In this paper, we will discuss a reputation system for an information-sharing system in an online community.…”