Comparing two proposed protocols to test the oblique response of cycling helmets to fall impacts

Adanty, Kevin; Clark, J. Michio; Post, Andrew; Hoshizaki, T. Blaine; Gilchrist, Michael D.

doi:10.1080/13588265.2019.1628479

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…The helmet was fixed to the head form using the retention strap and checked to ensure it was aligned to the same landmarks on the head form. The helmeted head form was placed on a halo attached to a monorail and dropped onto a 45° angled anvil with 80-grit sandpaper adhesive applied to the surface 9 , 36 , 37 . The impacting velocity was set at 6.5 m per second (SD ± 0.2).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Helmet technologies have been developed to minimize the risk head trauma including concussions from head impacts in sport 5 – 8 . While they have proven useful in reducing head injuries in cycling, the mechanism of injury associated with concussion is not fully reflected in current helmet testing protocols 9 – 12 . Rotational kinematics describing head dynamics during impacts has been associated with diffuse brain injuries including concussion 9 – 11 , 13 – 17 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While they have proven useful in reducing head injuries in cycling, the mechanism of injury associated with concussion is not fully reflected in current helmet testing protocols 9 – 12 . Rotational kinematics describing head dynamics during impacts has been associated with diffuse brain injuries including concussion 9 – 11 , 13 – 17 . However, the effectiveness of sport helmets to manage head trauma typically involves measuring linear acceleration using a vertical drop test to a flat anvil 18 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of two rotational helmet technologies to decrease peak rotational acceleration in cycling helmets

Hoshizaki

Post

Zerpa

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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The risk of brain trauma has been associated with the rotational kinematics leading to the development of helmets with a variety rotational management technologies. The purpose of this paper was to employ a rotation specific test protocol to evaluate the effectiveness of two of these technologies. Dynamic response of the head was measured to assess the performance of each technology. Three cycling helmets with identical construction were included in this study. One helmet with no rotational technology, an established, commercial technology and a novel helmet rotational technology designed and assembled by the authors were tested. A drop test onto a 45° anvil was used to measure the ability of each helmet to manage the dynamic response of the head form during a series of impacts. The results revealed both rotational helmet technologies resulted in lower peak rotational acceleration and brain strain, however each technology demonstrated unique performance characteristics depending on the impact condition.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of two rotational helmet technologies to decrease peak rotational acceleration in cycling helmets

Hoshizaki

Post

Zerpa

et al. 2022

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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“…Indeed, much effort has focussed on understanding the relationship between impact accelerations and head responses to improve the protection of head against impact loads [11,12]. This has motivated the use of kinematic-based severity metrics [13,14], as well as tissue-based metrics derived from finite element models of the human head to monitor impact exposure in helmeted impacts [15,16]. Moreover, risk, location, and extent of structural damage for specific cases have been identified using finite element models [17][18][19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimisation of an elastomeric pre-buckled honeycomb helmet liner for advanced impact mitigation

Adams

Soe

Theobald

2023

Smart Mater. Struct.

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Advances in computational modelling now offer an efficient route to developing novel helmet liners that could exceed contemporary materials' performance. Furthermore, the rise of accessible additive manufacturing presents a viable route to achieving otherwise unobtainable material structures. This study leverages an established finite element-based approach to the optimisation of cellular structures for the loading conditions of a typical helmet impact. A novel elastomeric pre-buckled honeycomb structure is adopted and optimised, the performance of which is baselined relative to vinyl nitrile foam under direct and oblique loading conditions. Results demonstrate that a simplified optimisation strategy is scalable to represent the behaviour of a full helmet. Under oblique impact conditions, the optimised pre-buckled honeycomb liner exceeds the contemporary material performance when considering computed kinematic metrics head and rotational injury criterion, by up to 49.9% and 56.6%. Furthermore, when considering tissue-based severity metrics via finite element simulations of a human brain model, maximum principal strain and cumulative strain density measures are reduced by 14.9% and 66.7% when comparing the new material, to baseline.

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An overview of the test methodology used in current cycling helmet standards and literature

Emsley,

Farmer,

Sherratt

et al. 2024

International Journal of Impact Engineering

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Comparing two proposed protocols to test the oblique response of cycling helmets to fall impacts

Cited by 5 publications

References 30 publications

Evaluation of two rotational helmet technologies to decrease peak rotational acceleration in cycling helmets

Evaluation of two rotational helmet technologies to decrease peak rotational acceleration in cycling helmets

Optimisation of an elastomeric pre-buckled honeycomb helmet liner for advanced impact mitigation

An overview of the test methodology used in current cycling helmet standards and literature

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