Comparison of molecular and microscopic technique for detection of Theileria annulata from the field cases of cattle

Abstract

Aim:Tropical theileriosis is fatal hemoprotozoal disease of dairy animals caused by Theileria annulata. The aim of the present study was to detect the T. annulata and comparison of results of molecular and microscopic techniques.Materials and Methods:A total of 52 blood samples were collected from the cattle suspected for theileriosis across the Banaskantha district. All the samples were screened for theileriosis using Giemsa’s staining technique and polymerase chain reaction (PCR).Results:Total of 17 (32.69%) and 24 (46.15%) samples were found positive for theileriosis by microscopic examination and PCR test, respectively. It revealed that the study area is endemic for theileriosis, and the microscopic technique has 70.83% sensitivity and 100% specificity with respect to PCR technique.Conclusion:It may be concluded from the present study that the PCR is comparatively sensitive technique than microscopic examination and may be recommended to use in the field for screening of theileriosis in the study area, where a high prevalence of diseases have been reported due to intensive dairy farming.

Epidemiology and molecular characterization of Theileria annulata in cattle from central Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan

“…This is due to the unavailability of molecular and serological diagnostics and resource limitations in most rural veterinary hospitals and clinical settings [ 49 ]. The relative sensitivity and specificity of the blood microscopy, as a diagnostic technique, validated previous findings [ 38 , 45 ]. However, the presence of artifacts, the destruction of the piroplasmic form due to hemolysis (RBCs), thick smear formation, improper staining, lack of microscopic expertise, and low parasitemia, are all the factors that diminish its sensitivity [ 37 , 50 ].…”

“…Acaricides application was also evaluated as potential risk factor that influence TT prevalence in the cattle population (univariate: P<0.05, OR: 3.4, 95% CI: 2.5–4.6; multivariate: P<0.05, OR: 1.4, 95% CI: 0.9–2.0). Acaricides application as a potential risk factor for TT agreed with the assessment of the published literature from other agro-ecological zones of the country, which presented that regular and proper acaricidal application on cattle could control tick vector and ultimately TT incidence in the endemic region [ 2 , 20 , 45 ].…”

Prevalence of Tick-borne Pathogens in Co-grazed Dairy Bovines Differs by Region and Host-type in Tamil Nadu, India

“…These differences were explored in more detail using statistical approaches (see below). The results support previous studies demonstrating diagnosis of carrier animals is significantly more sensitive by PCR assay relative to blood smear [15,16]. All samples that scored as positive for Theileria spp.…”

Microscopic and Molecular Detection of Theileria annulata Infection of Cattle in Egypt

“…Similar to the current results, Hoghooghi-Rad et al (2011) found that the semi-nested PCR accurately revealed 12 (7.5%) positive bovine blood specimens in Golestan province of Iran. In Banaskantha district, India, Chauhan et al (2015) recorded that 24 (46.15%) cows were infected with T. annulata using Tams1 gene-based PCR. Concomitantly, Acharya et al (2017) recovered 68% (34/50) infection rate of theileriosis in cattle in Odisha, India using PCR.…”