Competition in the global pulp and paper industries – An evaluation based on three approaches

Abstract

a b s t r a c tThis paper uses three different approaches for measuring the tightness of competition in the global pulp and paper markets. First, we evaluate the market shares of the world's largest pulp and paper companies. Second, we estimate the price elasticities of the export demand for pulp and paper. Third, we test the Law of One Price. All three approaches suggest that the pulp and paper markets are competitive in the sense that a single firm, no matter how large, cannot increase the price of its products without losing market shares and experiencing a fall in total revenues.

Review on recent developments on pulp and paper mill wastewater treatment

“…To maintain their profitability and overcome the declining (Machani et al, 2014) and competitive (Karikallio et al, 2011) markets, P&P mills are no longer limited to production of pulp and/or paper; rather, they may adopt additional measures including waste heat delivery to district heating systems (e.g., Ericsson et al, 2011;Klugman et al, 2009) and production of the electricity, wood pellets, and dried bark as well as valuable chemicals such as ethanol (e.g., Fornell et al, 2012;Phillips et al, 2013) and materials like carbon fiber (see e.g., Maradur et al, 2012), biofuels, etc. (Jonsson et al, 2011).…”

A Description of Supply Chain Planning Problems in the Paper Industry with Literature Review

“…Changes in customer needs, in demand and in the product portfolio have been addressed in the market development studies of McCarthy and Lei (2010), Karikallio et al (2011), Hujala (2011), Hetemäki et al (2013) and Hämäläinen et al (2015). The models of and Everett et al (2002) provide strategic decision support for converting paper machines.…”

“…The impacts are mirrored against the paper demand, raw material trade, recovered fiber and the interconnection between paper industry and other forestry industry areas. Karikallio et al (2011) start from a different perspective than McCarthy and Lei (2010). Competition in the global pulp and paper markets is the topic of the study.…”

Screening Predominant Bacteria and Construction of Efficient Microflora for Treatment of Papermaking White Water

“…The dissolved and colloidal substances in the process water can also make it more difficult to achieve targets of hydrophobic sizing, increased levels of slime in the system, and a higher frequency of paper web breakage and the operational failures of the paper machine (Liang et al 2011;Mänttäri et al 2015). When white water cycling is closed, the content of lignin compounds and surface modifiers accumulate, producing a large amount of foam (Karikallio et al 2011), which affects the transportation and storage of white water. To overcome such problems, the white water must be treated such that it can be used repeatedly within the papermaking system.…”