Complete electromechanical analysis of electrostatic kinetic energy harvesters biased with a continuous conditioning circuit

O'Riordan, Eoghan; Galayko, Dimitri; Basset, Philippe; Blokhina, Elena

doi:10.1016/j.sna.2016.06.018

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Mechanical waste energy that is generated by a vibrating structure or a moving object, is a ubiquitous form of energy that can be harvested from our surroundings 7 . The three common mechanisms for the conversion of vibrations into electricity include electromagnetic, electrostatic and piezoelectric techniques 8,9 . Piezoelectric materials have significant potential due to their high power density, and adaptability in terms of the variety of macro-and micro-scale fabrication methods 10,11 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced pyroelectric and piezoelectric properties of PZT with aligned porosity for energy harvesting applications

et al. 2017

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced pyroelectric and piezoelectric properties of PZT with aligned porosity for energy harvesting applications

et al. 2017

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“…where u i are as defined in the linear transformation, Equation (24). Then, the linear reduced-order model of the harvester can be written as:…”

Section: Static Dynamic and Eigenvalue Problemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, large softening behavior would prevent the pull-in instability, increase the level of the harvested power, and broaden the bandwidth. These observations give a deeper insight into the behavior of such energy harvesters and are of great importance to the designers of electrostatic energy harvesters.Energies 2019, 12, 4249 2 of 26 new technologies, it becomes viable to harvest power from ambient and aeroelastic vibrations [2-6], thermal energy [7,8], airflow [9][10][11][12], and ocean waves [13].Common energy-harvesting techniques employ piezoelectric [14][15][16][17][18], electromagnetic [19][20][21][22][23], electrostatic [24][25][26][27], and hybrid [28] conversion principles according to the type of application [29]. Electrostatic mechanism has advantages over other mechanisms where it is possible to work at low frequency and wide bandwidth [30].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Nonlinear Analysis and Performance of Electret-Based Microcantilever Energy Harvesters

Hammad

Abdelmoula²,

Abdel‐Rahman

et al. 2019

Energies

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An energy harvester composed of a microcantilever beam with a tip mass and a fixed electrode covered with an electret layer is investigated when subject to an external harmonic base excitation. The tip mass and fixed electrode form a variable capacitor connected to a load resistance. A single-degree-of-freedom model, derived based on Newton’s and Kirshoff’s laws, shows that the tip mass displacement and charge in the variable capacitor are nonlinearly coupled. Analysis of the eigenvalue problem indicates the influence of the electret surface voltage and electrical load resistance on the harvester linear characteristics, namely the harvester coupled frequency and electromechanical damping. Then, the frequency–response curves are obtained numerically for a range of load resistance, electret voltage and base excitation amplitudes. A softening nonlinear effect is observed as a result of decreasing the load resistance and increasing the electret voltage. It is found that there is an optimal electret voltage with the highest harvested electrical power. Below this optimal value, the bandwidth is very small, whereas the bandwidth is large when the electret voltage is above this optimal value. In addition, it is noted that for a certain excitation frequency, the harvested power decreases or increases as a function of electrical load resistance when the coupled frequency is closer to short- or open-circuit frequency, respectively. However, when the coupled frequency is between the short-circuit and open-circuit frequencies, the harvested power has an optimal resistance with the highest power. Increasing the excitation amplitude to raise the harvested power could be accompanied with dynamic pull-in instability and/or softening behavior depending on the electrical load resistance and electret voltage. However, large softening behavior would prevent the pull-in instability, increase the level of the harvested power, and broaden the bandwidth. These observations give a deeper insight into the behavior of such energy harvesters and are of great importance to the designers of electrostatic energy harvesters.

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“…7 The three common mechanisms for the conversion of vibrations into electricity include electromagnetic, electrostatic and piezoelectric techniques. 8,9 Piezoelectric materials have signicant potential due to their high power density, and adaptability in terms of the variety of macro-and micro-scale fabrication methods. 10,11 In addition to mechanical energy, waste heat is a necessary byproduct of all thermodynamic cycles implemented in power, refrigeration, and heat pump processes 12 and recovering even a fraction of this energy has the potential for an economic and environmental impact.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced pyroelectric and piezoelectric properties of PZT with aligned porosity for energy harvesting applications

Bowen¹

2019

Preprint

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This paper demonstrates the significant benefits of exploiting highly aligned porosity in piezoelectric and pyroelectric materials for improved energy harvesting performance. Porous lead zirconate (PZT) ceramics with aligned pore channels and varying fractions of porosity were manufactured in a water-based suspension using freeze casting. The aligned porous PZT ceramics were characterized in detail for both piezoelectric and pyroelectric properties and their energy harvesting performance figures of merit were assessed parallel and perpendicular to the freezing direction. As a result of the introduction of porosity into the ceramic microstrucutre, high piezoelectric and pyroelectric harvesting figures of merits were achieved for porous freeze-cast PZT compared to dense PZT due to the reduced permittivity and volume specific heat capacity. Experimental results were compared to parallel and series analytical models with good agreement and the PZT with porosity aligned parallel to the freezing direction exhibited the highest piezoelectric and pyroelectric harvesting response; this was a result of the enhanced interconnectivity of the ferroelectric material along the poling direction and reduced fraction of unpoled material that leads to a higher polarization. A complete thermal energy harvesting system, composed of an parallel-aligned PZT harvester element and an AC/DC converter successfully demonstrated by charging a storage capacitor. The maximum energy density generated by the 60 vol.% porous parallel-connected PZT when subjected to thermal oscillations was 1653 μJ/cm3 respectively, which was 374% higher than that of the dense PZT with an energy density of 446 μJ/cm3. The results are of benefit for the design and manufacture of high performance porous pyroelectric and piezoelectric materials in devices for energy harvesting and sensor applications.

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Complete electromechanical analysis of electrostatic kinetic energy harvesters biased with a continuous conditioning circuit

Cited by 11 publications

References 28 publications

Enhanced pyroelectric and piezoelectric properties of PZT with aligned porosity for energy harvesting applications

Enhanced pyroelectric and piezoelectric properties of PZT with aligned porosity for energy harvesting applications

Nonlinear Analysis and Performance of Electret-Based Microcantilever Energy Harvesters

Enhanced pyroelectric and piezoelectric properties of PZT with aligned porosity for energy harvesting applications

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