Concentration, separation and determination of scandium, zirconium, hafnium and thorium with a silica-based sulphonic acid cation-exchanger

Determination of Trace Amounts of Zirconium by Flotation - Spectrophotometric Method

“…The method shows good sensitivity due to high molar absorptivity character of xylenol orange dye and gave a wide linear dynamic range with respect to similar reported methods. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] The proposed procedure is an easy and inexpensive methodology for separation and determination of trace amounts of Zr. The use of an inexpensive instrument is the main advantage of floatation spectrophotometric measurement over sophisticated and expensive instruments such as ICP-OES and ICP-MS. 16 In the case of working with large sample volume solutions of about 100 mL and also small extracting solvent volume (methanol) of 2.5 mL; a forty fold enrichment factor is achieved.…”

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“…In order to determination of zirconium spectro analytical techniques were used; molecular fluorescence spectrophotometry (Wang et al 1998), atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) (Shariati and Yamini 2006;Shariati et al 2008), laser ablation inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (LAICP-OES) (Lin and Peng 1990), X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (Vivit andKing 2007, Nakaya et al 2011), ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry (UV/Vis) (Filik et al 1998, Zhang et al 2001, Fakhari et al 2005, Gupta et al 2009, neutron activation (Rebagay and Ehmann 1970), polarography (Bandyopadhyay and Vijayamohanan 1998, Mao et al 2004, Shervedani and Bagherzadeh 2009, voltammetry (Lin and Peng 1990), ion-selective electrode (Gupta et al 2009), liquid chromatography (Alimarin et al 1987, Tsai and Yan 1993, Purohit and Devi 1997. And determination of the fluoride levels in various samples, different techniques have been used such as potentiometry (with fluoride sensitive electrodes), liquid chromatography, ion chromatography or spectrophotometry (Lipka et al 2000, Tokalioglu et al 2001, Oszwadowski et al 1998, Oszwaldowski and Jakubowska 2003, Rajković and Novaković 2007, Savik et al 2012 The main aim of this work is based on the complex of Zr(IV)-F − -(5-Br-PADAP) with reversed phased liquid chromatography for determination of trace amounts of zirconium and fluoride in water samples.…”

Preparation and Characterization of Ceramic Hollow Microspheres for Heavy Metal Ion Removal in Wastewater

“…However, the sorption capacity of such silica supports is relatively small. It is generally thought that ceramic hollow microspheres would 1 To whom correspondence should be addressed. be able to compensate for this disadvantage if the hollow areas could be used for incorporating organic ion-chelating agents.…”