Concise analysis of current text automation and watermarking approaches

Alkawaz, Mohammed Hazim; Sulong, Ghazali; Saba, Tanzila; Almazyad, Abdulaziz S.; Rehman, Amjad

doi:10.1002/sec.1738

Cited by 21 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…In the second stage, the watermark string is converted to a binary string, which is modified by a hash function according to an optional key, and then an invisible watermark string is generated for embedding it into special locations in the cover text. Finally, it is inserted into special locations where the watermark string will not be affected by attacks [2,4,6,7].…”

Section: Text Watermarking Architecture As Shown Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In this case, some protective solutions consisting of copyright protection, integrality, authenticity, and confidentiality are essential to prevent forgery and plagiarism problems. Downloading and manipulating a copyrighted text and thus reusing it without any control are easy these days; hence, copyright management is very necessary to protect such information against modifying and reproducing processes [4][5][6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In other words, text is an important part of communication between people compared to other media. Secondly, text watermarking has no clear evaluation criteria to analyze its efficiency [6][7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Watermarking is concerned with hiding a small data in digital files such that the hidden data is robust to alterations and adjustments. In other words, watermarking aims to protect intellectual property of digital media against unauthorized copy or access by embedding a watermark (visible or invisible) in the cove media which can remain beside the data, and it can be used whenever there is any query about the originality of media (e.g., the hidden watermark refers to the original owner) [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]. Over the last two decades, many information hiding techniques have been proposed in terms of text watermarking and text steganography for copyright protection [11][12][13][14], proof of ownership [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23], and copy control and authentication [24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

A Comparative Analysis of Information Hiding Techniques for Copyright Protection of Text Documents

Ahvanooey

Shim

et al. 2018

Security and Communication Networks

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With the ceaseless usage of web and other online services, it has turned out that copying, sharing, and transmitting digital media over the Internet are amazingly simple. Since the text is one of the main available data sources and most widely used digital media on the Internet, the significant part of websites, books, articles, daily papers, and so on is just the plain text. Therefore, copyrights protection of plain texts is still a remaining issue that must be improved in order to provide proof of ownership and obtain the desired accuracy. During the last decade, digital watermarking and steganography techniques have been used as alternatives to prevent tampering, distortion, and media forgery and also to protect both copyright and authentication. This paper presents a comparative analysis of information hiding techniques, especially on those ones which are focused on modifying the structure and content of digital texts. Herein, various text watermarking and text steganography techniques characteristics are highlighted along with their applications. In addition, various types of attacks are described and their effects are analyzed in order to highlight the advantages and weaknesses of current techniques. Finally, some guidelines and directions are suggested for future works.

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Section: Text Watermarking Architecture As Shown Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A Comparative Analysis of Information Hiding Techniques for Copyright Protection of Text Documents

Ahvanooey

Shim

et al. 2018

Security and Communication Networks

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…As shown in Figure 1, DWM belongs to the family of information hiding [1]. Digital watermarking is related to steganography, which is the science and art of secret communication.…”

Section: Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Digital Watermarking

Sadiku¹,

Shadare²,

Musa³

2017

IJARCSSE

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Abstract-Digital watermarks are often used to provide copyright protection for intellectual property and help the fight against electronic copyright infringement. They can be repeated at random locations within the content to make them difficult to detect. Developments in computer science, cryptography, digital signal processing, and information theory have all contributed to the success of digital watermarking. This paper provides a brief introduction to digital watermarking.

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Enhancing fragility of zero-based text watermarking utilizing effective characters list

Saba

Bashardoost

Kolivand

et al. 2019

Multimed Tools Appl

Self Cite

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Text is an important medium used for sharing information worldwide. For a text document, digital watermarking is an efficient way for copyright protection, authentication, tamper proofing, to name but a few. In this paper, a zero-based watermarking approach is proposed for document authentication and tamper detection. To enhance the fragility of watermark, the proposed text watermarking approach can be comfortably utilizedbased on the Effective Characters List (ECL) for watermark generation. The ECL method is generated for English text zero-watermarking by maintaining the contents of the original document and constructing the watermark by formulating the smooth transition between the selected characters in the documents. The evaluation of the proposed watermarking approach is based on three famous watermarking attacks including deletion, insertion, and reordering with an accuracy of 80.76%, 80.36%, and 88.1%, respectively. For a fair evaluation, a comparison is put forth with a recent zero-based watermarking method-clearly showing that the proposed method outperforms existing with greater accuracy.

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Concise analysis of current text automation and watermarking approaches

Cited by 21 publications

References 86 publications

A Comparative Analysis of Information Hiding Techniques for Copyright Protection of Text Documents

A Comparative Analysis of Information Hiding Techniques for Copyright Protection of Text Documents

Digital Watermarking

Enhancing fragility of zero-based text watermarking utilizing effective characters list

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