Confining Excitation Energy in Er<sup>3+</sup>‐Sensitized Upconversion Nanocrystals through Tm<sup>3+</sup>‐Mediated Transient Energy Trapping

Chen, Qiushui; Xie, Xiaoji; Huang, Bolong; Liang, Liangliang; Han, Sanyang; Yi, Zhigao; Wang, Yu; Liu, Ying; Fan, Dianyuan; Huang, Ling; Liu, Xiaogang

doi:10.1002/anie.201703012

Cited by 276 publications

(185 citation statements)

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“…8 In particular, the studies of modulating upconversion luminescence (UCL) using chemical methods have reached the sub-nanometer level, represented by attempts of manipulating energy transfer between lanthanide dopants in delicate coreshell structures and even on a sub-lattice scale. [9][10][11][12][13] Each UCNP contains commonly multiple optically active trivalent rareearth ions with manyfolds of accessible long-lived energy states. The mutual interactions (mainly non-radiative Förstertype energy transfer processes) between these optically active centers make them operate as an integrated unit, leading to the complex luminescence kinetics of each nanoparticle.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the decay time of upconversion luminescence

et al. 2019

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the decay time of upconversion luminescence

et al. 2019

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“…Figure b shows the proposed self‐absorption and simplified energy level diagrams. The excited photons can be scattered, reabsorbed, and re‐emitted during propagation in the crystal . It have been proved that there exists energy migration between Er 3+ ions in Er‐enriched β‐NaYF 4 crystals .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The excited photons can be scattered, reabsorbed, and re‐emitted during propagation in the crystal . It have been proved that there exists energy migration between Er 3+ ions in Er‐enriched β‐NaYF 4 crystals . The Er 3+ ion has emission bands at about 800 nm, 980 nm, and 1531 nm in near infrared (NIR) range .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excitation Position Sensitive Upconversion Emission of Lanthanide Ions Doped β‐NaYF₄ Single Microcrystals

Wang

Huang

et al. 2018

ChemNanoMat

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The information about optical propagation properties and the directionality of emission light of individual microcrystal is essential for the applications of lanthanide ions doped (Ln‐doped) upconversion (UC) materials. In this work, we focus on the optical property of UC Yb3+ and Er3+ or Tm3+ doped β‐NaYF4 single crystal microrods and microdisks. Their optical propagation properties and directionality of the UC emission are investigated by the UC photoluminescence (PL) spectra and microarea PL microscopy images. The emission colors, directionality and intensity to the edges of the microcrystals are evidently sensitive to the initial excitation laser position. The waveguide effect and the self‐absorption effect of the doping ions are responsible for such anisotropic emission and emission color changing. And the ray‐dynamical interpretation can give well explanation on the emission light distribution.

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“…A variety of synthesis techniques, including thermal codecomposition method (TCD) and high‐temperature coprecipitation method (HTCP), have been developed, which allow control over the size, morphology, and dopant composition of UCNPs to be highly uniform and monodisperse (Figure b–f). Moreover, through delicate selections and combinations of lanthanide ions as sensitizers and activators with their abundant energy levels, the optical diversities of UCNPs can be controlled and magnified . This offers new encryption dimensions and high encoding capacities for anticounterfeiting technologies by using UCNPs.…”

Section: Lanthanide‐doped Upconversion Nanoparticles For Anticounterfmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Nanomaterials and Enabling Technologies for High‐Security‐Level Anticounterfeiting

et al. 2019

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by 2023 the global anticounterfeiting packaging market is projected to reach 208.4 billion USD. [9] The field of anticounterfeiting has a moving target. Initially, for example, almost every country implemented watermarks or fluorescence labels on banknotes to deter copying. [1] Nowadays, a broad range of optical nanomaterials, including metallic nanoparticles, organic dyes, semiconducting quantum dots, and lanthanide-doped nanoparticles (Figure 1) are available to be explored for developing next-generation anticounterfeiting technologies. Thanks to the rapid development of material science, wet-chemistry methods are available for highly controllable synthesis, allowing a large range of nanoparticles with distinguished optical features to be employed as anticounterfeiting taggants. Among them, lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) are outstanding for the feasibility to tune their optical properties in multiple dimensions. Here, we survey the recent progress in anticounterfeiting applications using new collections of optical nanomaterials as security inks and point out that UCNPs are one of the most promising candidates for high-security-level anticounterfeiting applications. [10] Moreover, we present an outlook for future trends in encryption and decryption devices and technologies toward their real-world adoptions. Nanoparticles for Anticounterfeiting ApplicationsGenerally, anticounterfeiting is done by verifying authentic information that can be either covert or overt. In a typical decoding process, the retrieved information may manifest itself as fluorescence color and intensity in patterns that are varying in the time and space domains. As a crucial element of anticounterfeiting technology, an encoding material serves as a carrier of distinct authentic information. [15] Hence, to achieve a high anticounterfeiting level, the encoding material should be able to offer abundant optical states that can be tailored to carry unique information. In this regard, nanoparticle materials (Table 1) have attracted tremendous interest owing to their exceptional stability, controllability, and diversity in tuning their optical properties in multiple dimensions, e.g., fluorescence color, intensity, and lifetime value. We surveyed and summarized several key fundamental optical features including reflection, absorption, scattering, and fluorescence that can be Optical nanomaterials have been widely used in anticounterfeiting applications. There have been significant developments powered by recent advances in material science, printing technologies, and the availability of smartphone-based decoding technology. Recent progress in this field is surveyed, including the availability of optical reflection, absorption, scattering, and luminescent nanoparticles. It is demonstrated that advances in the design and synthesis of lanthanide-doped upconversion nanoparticles will lead to the next generation of anticounterfeiting technologies. Their tunable optical properties and optical responses to a range of external stimuli a...

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Confining Excitation Energy in Er³⁺‐Sensitized Upconversion Nanocrystals through Tm³⁺‐Mediated Transient Energy Trapping

Cited by 276 publications

References 76 publications

On the decay time of upconversion luminescence

On the decay time of upconversion luminescence

Excitation Position Sensitive Upconversion Emission of Lanthanide Ions Doped β‐NaYF₄ Single Microcrystals

Optical Nanomaterials and Enabling Technologies for High‐Security‐Level Anticounterfeiting

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Confining Excitation Energy in Er3+‐Sensitized Upconversion Nanocrystals through Tm3+‐Mediated Transient Energy Trapping

Cited by 276 publications

References 76 publications

On the decay time of upconversion luminescence

On the decay time of upconversion luminescence

Excitation Position Sensitive Upconversion Emission of Lanthanide Ions Doped β‐NaYF4 Single Microcrystals

Optical Nanomaterials and Enabling Technologies for High‐Security‐Level Anticounterfeiting

Contact Info

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Confining Excitation Energy in Er³⁺‐Sensitized Upconversion Nanocrystals through Tm³⁺‐Mediated Transient Energy Trapping

Excitation Position Sensitive Upconversion Emission of Lanthanide Ions Doped β‐NaYF₄ Single Microcrystals